ESC Guidelines 2389 disclosure forms are kept on file at the European Heart House,
headquarters of the ESC. Any changes in conflict of interest that arise during the writing …

929 endothelium-lined channels, namely angiogenesis, in response to a physiological or
pathological stimulus. Peri-endothelial cells are required for vascular maturation …

Bioprostheses are prone to structural valve degeneration, resulting in limited long-term
durability. A significant challenge when comparing the durability of different types of …

Background Reports have suggested an association between the development of
myocarditis and the receipt of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against coronavirus …

Document Reviewers: Sigmund Silber (CPG Review Coordinator)(Germany), Frank V.
Aguirre (USA), Nawwar Al-Attar (France), Eduardo Alegria (Spain), Felicita Andreotti (Italy) …

The content of these European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Guidelines has been published
for personal and educational use only. No commercial use is authorized. No part of the ESC …

Background Treatment with the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin, as compared with
heparin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, results in similar suppression of ischemia while …

Objectives. We examined the relative contributions of inflammation and arterial injury to
neointimal formation in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model. Background …

Thus, the task of writing Guidelines or Expert Consensus Documents covers not only the
integration of the most recent research, but also the creation of educational tools and …

Background The appropriate duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients at high risk for
bleeding after the implantation of a drug-eluting coronary stent remains unclear. Methods …