Clinicians can encounter sex and gender disparities in diagnostic and therapeutic
responses. These disparities are noted in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical …

Women with cardiac chest pain indicated by signs and symptoms of myocardial ischemia in
the absence of obstructive CAD are often labelled as cardiac syndrome X (CSX). A subset of …

Background: Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) occurs in
6% to 15% of myocardial infarctions (MIs) and disproportionately affects women. Scientific …

Executive Summary Noel Bairey Merz, MD; Robert O. Bonow, MD; George Sopko, MD;
Robert S. Balaban, PhD; Richard O. Cannon III, MD; David Gordon, MD, PhD; Mary M. Hand …

Historically, the focus of the diagnostic evaluation for symptomatic women and men has
been the detection of an obstructive coronary stenosis requiring revascularization (as …

Background Pancreatic cancer has poor prognosis and existing interventions provide a
modest benefit. Statin has anti-cancer properties that might enhance survival in pancreatic …

Background. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is responsible for over half of all heart
transplants. Fewer women with DCM undergo heart transplants than men with DCM; the …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) impacts approximately 6%–10% of women worldwide,
with hallmark features of hyperandrogenism, irregular menses, infertility, and polycystic …

Abstract Background In 2001, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) report,“Exploring the
Biological Contributions to Human Health: Does Sex Matter?” advocated for better …

The Blood Cholesterol Expert Panel (Expert Panel) was originally convened as the Expert
Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult …