Original ArticleLong-Term Consequences of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Section snippets
Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA21 and MOOSE22 guidelines.
Quality Assessment and Study Characteristics
Results from the literature search are summarized in Fig 1. Application of search strategy to electronic databases produced 186 potential titles. Titles then were screened, and 147 were identified as relevant for this study. Abstracts then were screened using the authors’ inclusion criteria, and 14 studies were retrieved for further full text analysis. Nine papers were chosen for data extraction. Reasons for exclusion included short-term mortality outcomes reported,30, 31, 32 examination of
Discussion
The meta-analysis of long-term mortality outcomes showed that the occurrence of AKI after cardiac surgery is associated with a significantly greater long-term mortality.
This systematic review found a wide range in the reported incidence of AKI among the studies analyzed. The different classifications used to define AKI may account for some of this variation. These findings were similar to those of recent studies that analyzed general intensive care populations using modern diagnostic criteria
Conclusions
The authors concluded that there is wide variation in the reported incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery, reflecting the different classification systems used to define AKI. The negative impact that AKI has on long-term outcomes highlights the need for continued development of strategies to reduce the occurrence of renal injury in cardiac surgery patients. Further research also should aim to explore the possible mechanism(s) behind worse long-term outcomes, focusing on cardiovascular disease
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