Prevalence Rates of Hypertension Self-care Activities Among African Americans

doi:10.1016/S0027-9684(15)30365-5

Journal of the National Medical Association

Volume 103, Issue 6, June 2011, Pages 503-512

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-9684(15)30365-5 Get rights and content

Background

A comprehensive understanding of the self-care activities that contribute to blood pressure control may explain health disparities experienced by African Americans with hypertension. This study assessed the prevalence of self-care activities among African Americans with high blood pressure and examined differences between adherers and nonadherers to self-care activities.

Methods

Interviews were conducted with 186 African Americans. Self-care activities were measured using the H-SCALE (Hypertension Self-Care Activity Level Effects), which was developed to assess the behavioral activities recommended for optimal management of high blood pressure.

Results

More than half of participants reported adhering to medication recommendations and prescribed physical activity levels (58.6% and 52.2%, respectively). Following practices related to weight management was less frequent, (30.1%) and adherence to low-salt diet recommendations was also low (22.0%). Three-fourths were nonsmok-ers and 65% abstained from alcohol. Across the self-care activities, adherers were more likely to be older and female. Nonadherers were more likely to be uninsured.

Conclusions

Many African Americans still face challenges related to hypertension self-care, particularly with weight management and salt reduction. The H-SCALE was a valid and reliable measure of hypertension self-care activities. In addition to monitoring blood pressure, health care providers should assess patients' hypertension self-care activities using the H-SCALE.

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: Funding/Support: Funding was provided by a grant (R03AG030523) from the National Institute on Aging.

View full text

Original CommunicationPrevalence Rates of Hypertension Self-care Activities Among African Americans

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

J Natl Med Assoc

Ann Epidemiol.

Prev Med

Addict Behov

Physiol Behav

Am J Hypertens

US Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, 1988–2008

JAMA

Hypertension, high serum total cholesterol, and diabetes: racial and ethnic prevalence differences in US adults, 1999–2006

NCHS Data Brief

Racial and geographic differences in awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension: the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study

Stroke

The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: National Institutes of Health

Lifestyle interventions to reduce raised blood pressure: a systematic review of randomized control trials

J Hyperfens.

Deteriorating dietary habits among adults with hypertension: DASH dietary accordance, NHANES 1988–1994 and 1999–2004

Arch Intern Med

Black HR =, et al. Implications of a health lifestyle and medication analysis for improving hypertension control

Arch Intern Med

Can patient self-management help explain the SES health gradient?

Proc Natl Acad Sci US A.

Evidence suggesting that a chronic disease self-management program can improve health status while reducing hospitalization: a randomized trial

Med Core

Racial differences in blood pressure control: potential explanatory factors

Am J Med.

Disparities in adherence to hypertensive care in urban ambulatory settings

J Health Care PoorUnderserved.

Differences in self-management behaviors and use of preventive services among diabetes management enrollees by race and ethnicity

Dis Man-ag

The relation of culturally influenced lay models of hypertension to compliance with treatment

Am J Hypertens.

Benefits, barriers, self-efficacy and knowledge regarding healthy foods: perception of African Americans living in eastern North Carolina

Nutr Res Prac

Families, social support, and self-care among older African-American women with chronic illness

Am J Health Promot

Management of high blood pressure in African Americans: consensus statement of the Hypertension in African Americans Working Group of the International Society on Hypertension in Blacks

Arch Intern Med

Association of hypertension treatment and control with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among US adults with hypertension

Am J Hypertens

Assessing diabetes self-management: The summary of diabetes self-care activities questionnaire

Original Communication
Prevalence Rates of Hypertension Self-care Activities Among African Americans