Clinical Symptoms of Mitral Valve Prolapse Are Related to Hypomagnesemia and Attenuated by Magnesium Supplementation
Section snippets
Patient Population
The study group consisted of 141 subjects (124 women and 17 men, aged 16 to 57 years, mean ± SD 31 ± 9) with heavily symptomatic MVP who were free of other diseases. They were enrolled in the study from January 1989 to October 1995. During that period, 529 previously nontreated persons had been referred to the outpatient unit of our cardiology department because of suspected MVP. The diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography in 217 patients. Thirty-two patients with concomitant diseases and
Serum Magnesium and the Incidence of Hypomagnesemia
Serum magnesium in patients with heavily symptomatic MVP and in controls was 0.68 ± 0.11 mmol/L and 0.80 ± 0.05 mmol/L, respectively (p <0.0001) (Fig. 1).
Of 141 heavily symptomatic patients, 84 (60%) had decreased serum magnesium in at least 1 blood sample compared with 2 of 40 controls (5%), p <0.0001. These 84 patients were given magnesium supplementation.
Magnesium Supplementation
Of 84 patients, 14 withdrew in the initial phase of the study because of poor cooperation. Thus, the study was completed by 70 patients (64
Discussion
This study revealed a high incidence of hypomagnesemia in patients with heavily symptomatic MVP. Serum magnesium does not accurately represent intracellular magnesium, because it may change from day to day, and it depends on many factors.[15] However, there is no doubt that when serum magnesium is low, intracellular magnesium is unquestionably low.16, 17 Although the deficit of magnesium in MVP has previously been suspected, little research was done on the subject. Early studies18, 19, 20, 21
Acknowledgements
We thank Jan Tylka, PhD, for his help in the psychological workup. We also thank Maciej Światkowski, MD, and Paweł Maciejewski, MD, for preparation of figures and tables, and Joanna Lis, PhD, for assistance with the statistical analysis.
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