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Oxidative Stress, Nox Isoforms and Complications of Diabetes—Potential Targets for Novel Therapies

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Abstract

Most diabetes-related complications and causes of death arise from cardiovascular disease and end-stage renal disease. Amongst the major complications of diabetes mellitus are retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and accelerated atherosclerosis. Increased bioavailability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (termed oxidative stress), derived in large part from the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family of free radical producing enzymes, has been demonstrated in experimental and clinical diabetes and has been implicated in the cardiovascular and renal complications of diabetes. The present review focuses on the role of Noxs and oxidative stress in some major complications of diabetes, including nephropathy, retinopathy and atherosclerosis. We also discuss Nox isoforms as potential targets for therapy.

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Acknowledgements

MS received a fellowship from the Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training (KRESCENT) program. JW-B and KJ-D are Senior Research Fellows of the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia. MEC is an Australian Fellow of the NHMRC of Australia. The authors’ research is funded through a grant from the JDRF.

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  1. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada

    Mona Sedeek, Augusto C. Montezano, Richard L. Hebert & Rhian M. Touyz

  2. Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Stephen P. Gray, Elyse Di Marco, Jay C. Jha, Mark E. Cooper & Karin Jandeleit-Dahm

  3. Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Elyse Di Marco, Mark E. Cooper & Karin Jandeleit-Dahm

  4. Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

    Mark E. Cooper & Jennifer L. Wilkinson-Berka

  5. Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    Ernesto L. Schiffrin

  6. Institute for Cardiovascular and Medical sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK

    Rhian M. Touyz

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  1. Mona Sedeek
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Correspondence to Rhian M. Touyz.

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Sedeek, M., Montezano, A.C., Hebert, R.L. et al. Oxidative Stress, Nox Isoforms and Complications of Diabetes—Potential Targets for Novel Therapies. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 5, 509–518 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-012-9387-2

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