Baseline characteristics and echocardiography parameters of patients with moderate to severe AS and severe AS
| Moderate to severe AS (n=113) | Severe AS (n=1301) | All moderate to severe AS (n=113) | All severe AS (n=1301) | |||||
| TAVR (n=66) | SAVR (n=47) | P value | TAVR (n=664) | SAVR (n=637) | P value | |||
| Baseline clinical characteristics | ||||||||
| Age, years | 74.4±6.2 | 72.6±6.1 | 0.11 | 74.1±5.8 | 73.7±5.9 | 0.30 | 73.6±6.2 | 73.9±5.8 |
| Female (%) | 11 (16.7) | 12 (25.5) | 0.25 | 255 (38.4) | 221 (34.7) | 0.16 | 23 (20.4) | 476 (36.6) |
| Body surface area, m2 | 2.1±0.2 | 2.0±0.2 | 0.32 | 2.0±0.2 | 2.0±0.2 | 0.58 | 2.1±0.2 | 2.0±0.2 |
| STS-PROM, % | 2.0±0.5 | 2.0±0.7 | 0.67 | 1.9±0.7 | 1.9±0.6 | 0.38 | 2.0±0.6 | 1.9±0.7 |
| NYHA class (%) | 0.55 | 0.14 | ||||||
| I | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 76 (11.4) | 63 (9.9) | 0 (0) | 139 (10.7) | ||
| II | 48 (72.7) | 32 (68.1) | 424 (63.9) | 396 (62.2) | 80 (70.8) | 820 (63.0) | ||
| III | 18 (27.3) | 14 (29.8) | 163 (24.5) | 176 (27.6) | 32 (28.3) | 339 (26.1) | ||
| IV | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.9) | 3 (0.2) | ||
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 31 (47.0) | 17 (36.2) | 0.25 | 198 (29.8) | 193 (30.3) | 0.85 | 48 (42.5) | 391 (30.1) |
| Hypertension (%) | 55 (84.6) | 41 (87.2) | 0.70 | 563 (84.8) | 522 (82.1) | 0.19 | 96 (85.7) | 1085 (83.5) |
| COPD (%) | 12 (19.7) | 7 (15.2) | 0.55 | 94 (14.7) | 111 (18.2) | 0.09 | 19 (17.8) | 205 (16.4) |
| Immunosuppressive therapy (%) | 2 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.51 | 13 (2.0) | 7 (1.1) | 0.21 | 2 (1.8) | 20 (1.5) |
| Peripheral arterial disease (%) | 4 (6.2) | 6 (12.8) | 0.32 | 50 (7.6) | 50 (7.9) | 0.86 | 10 (8.9) | 100 (7.7) |
| SYNTAX score I (%) | 2.4±3.9 | 2.5±3.9 | 0.84 | 1.9±3.7 | 2.1±3.8 | 0.32 | 2.5±3.9 | 2.0±3.8 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 8 (12.1) | 5 (10.6) | 0.81 | 66 (9.9) | 77 (12.1) | 0.22 | 13 (11.5) | 143 (11.0) |
| Previous CABG (%) | 2 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.51 | 16 (2.4) | 14 (2.2) | 0.80 | 2 (1.8) | 30 (2.3) |
| Previous PCI (%) | 13 (19.7) | 11 (23.4) | 0.63 | 90 (13.6) | 77 (12.1) | 0.43 | 24 (21.2) | 167 (12.8) |
| Previous myocardial infarction (%) | 2 (3.0) | 4 (8.5) | 0.23 | 46 (6.9) | 29 (4.6) | 0.07 | 6 (5.3) | 75 (5.8) |
| Atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter (%) | 11 (16.7) | 9 (19.1) | 0.73 | 100 (15.1) | 89 (14.0) | 0.57 | 20 (17.7) | 189 (14.6) |
| Aortic valve calcium volume, mm3 | 597 (376, 832) | 556 (361, 789) | 0.60 | 653 (390, 1050) | 654 (377, 980) | 0.21 | 588 (364, 815) | 653 (385, 1014) |
| Baseline echocardiography | TAVR (n=66) | SAVR (n=47) | p Value | TAVR (n=661) | SAVR (n=639) | p Value | All moderate to severe AS (n=113) | All severe AS (n=1300) |
| Aortic valve area, cm2 | 1.1±0.1 | 1.2±0.1 | 0.56 | 0.8±0.2 (571) | 0.8±0.2 (549) | 0.054 | 1.1±0.1 | 0.8±0.2 (1120) |
| Aortic valve area index, cm2/m2 | 0.55±0.08 | 0.57±0.09 | 0.18 | 0.41±0.10 (571) | 0.42±0.10 (549) | 0.09 | 0.56±0.08 | 0.42±0.10 (1120) |
| Peak velocity, m/s | 3.7±0.3 | 3.7±0.2 | 0.30 | 4.3±0.5 (651) | 4.2±0.5 (632) | 0.09 | 3.7±0.2 | 4.3± 0.5 (1283) |
| Mean pressure gradient, mm Hg | 32.6±4.8 | 32.8±4.8 | 0.79 | 46.0±11.9 (651) | 45.1±12.3 (632) | 0.17 | 32.7±4.8 | 45.5±12.1 (1283) |
| Dimensionless Velocity Index | 0.27±0.04 | 0.28±0.04 | 0.46 | 0.22±0.05 (617) | 0.23±0.05 (604) | 0.03 | 0.28±0.04 | 0.23±0.05 (1221) |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 63.7±7.6 | 63.7±8.4 | 0.99 | 64.5±7.5 (657) | 64.5±7.0 (635) | 0.96 | 63.7±7.9 | 64.5±7.3 (1292) |
| Stroke volume, mL | 95.5±12.4 | 96.2±15.0 | 0.78 | 81.9±20.0 (574) | 83.2±21.1 (552) | 0.30 | 95.8±13.4 | 82.5±20.6 (1126) |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 46.3±7.4 | 48.1±9.8 | 0.30 | 41.6±10.0 (574) | 42.1±10.2 (552) | 0.41 | 47.1±8.5 | 41.9±10.1 (1126) |
| Stroke Volume Index <35 mL/m2 (%) | 3 (4.5) | 3 (6.4) | 0.69 | 152 (26.5)(574) | 131 (23.7)(552) | 0.29 | 6 (5.3) | 283 (25.1) (1126) |
| Lateral E/e’ ratio | 13.9±6.0 (47) | 14.0±6.6 (36) | 0.92 | 15.2±6.3 (516) | 15.0±6.9 (499) | 0.64 | 13.9±6.2 (83) | 15.1±6.6 (1015) |
Data shown as mean±SD, mean±SD (no of patients), no of patients (%) or median (first quartile, third quartile).
AS, aortic stenosis; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; STS-PROM, The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality; SYNTAX, Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement.