Demographic, clinical and procedural characteristics
| SAVR | TAVI | |||||
| White | Asians | P value | White | Asians | P value | |
| N | 421 | 56 | 362 | 20 | ||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 71 ± 10 | 66 ± 9 | <0.0001 | 83±7 | 80 ± 6 | 0.034 |
| Male | 279 (66%) | 41 (73%) | 0.36 | 217 (60%) | 10 (50%) | 0.48 |
| BMI (mean ± SD) | 30 ± 5 | 27 ± 4 | 0.002 | 28 ± 6 | 27 ± 4 | 0.30 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Previous MI | 46 (11%) | 5 (9%) | 0.82 | 63 (17%) | 6 (30%) | 0.23 |
| DM | 99 (24%) | 30 (54%) | <0.0001 | 102 (28%) | 12 (60%) | 0.005 |
| Smoker | 273 (65%) | 22 (39%) | 0.0004 | 233 (64%) | 7 (35%) | 0.015 |
| Hypertension | 364 (87%) | 50 (89%) | 0.68 | Information not available | ||
| Renal impairment | 244 (58%) | 40 (71%) | 0.06 | Information not available | ||
| Pulmonary disease | 51 (12%) | 8 (14%) | 0.67 | 100 (28%) | 7 (35%) | 0.45 |
| Stroke/TIA | 30 (7%) | 10 (18%) | 0.017 | 74 (20%) | 0 (0%) | 0.034 |
| CAD | 139 (33%) | 24 (43%) | 0.18 | 117 (32%) | 12 (60%) | 0.016 |
| LVEF<50% | 89 (21%) | 17 (30%) | 0.13 | 91 (25%) | 5 (25%) | 1 |
| EuroSCORE II (%) | 3.2 ± 4.0 | 3.2 ± 2.7 | 0.37 | – | – | – |
| Katz Index of ADL | – | – | – | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 0.0002 |
| CSHA CFS | – | – | – | 0.90 | ||
| Very fit | – | – | – | 1 (0.3%) | – | |
| Well | – | – | – | 42 (12%) | 1 (5%) | |
| Well—with treated comorbidities | – | – | – | 166 (46%) | 9 (45%) | |
| Vulnerable | – | – | – | 63 (17%) | 4 (20%) | |
| Mildly frail | – | – | – | 65 (18%) | 5 (25%) | |
| Moderately frail | – | – | – | 25 (6.9%) | 1 (5%) | |
| Procedure related | ||||||
| AVR±CABG | 119 (28%) | 23 (41%) | 0.061 | – | – | – |
| Urgency | ||||||
| Elective | 280 (67%) | 38 (68%) | 0.88 | 328 (91%) | 16 (80%) | 0.13 |
| Urgent | 139 (33%) | 18 (32%) | 1.0 | 34 (10%) | 4 (20%) | 0.13 |
| Emergency | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Bicuspid AV | 28 (7%) | 4 (7%) | 0.78 | Information not available | ||
Values are mean ± SD or n (%)
ADL, activities of daily living; AV, aortic valve; AVR, aortic valve replacement; BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; CSHA CFS, Canadian Study of Health and Ageing Clinical Frailty Scale; DM, diabetes mellitus; EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.