Procedure outcomes
| Total | RVOT stenting or prestenting (before TPVR) | Aortic coarctation stenting | Fontan-circulation fenestration closure | Miscellaneous | |
| Patients, n (%) | N=170 | 106 (62.4) | 26 (15.3) | 21 (12.4) | 17 (10) |
| Implantation success, n (%) | 168 (98.9) | 104 (98.1) | 26 (100) | 21 (100) | 17 (100) |
| Unplanned (non-emergent) open-heart surgeries, n (%) | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | – | – | – |
| Serious procedural complications, n (%) | 4 (2.4) | 3 (2.8) | 1 (3.8) | – | – |
| Stent slipping down during uncovering/off target implantation/elective surgical revalvulation | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.9) | – | – | – |
| Brain stroke* | 1 (0.6) | – | 1 (3.8) | – | – |
| Life-threatening wire-related haemoptysis† | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | – | – | – |
| Minor procedural complications, n (%) | 21 (12.4) | 15 (14.1) | 1 (3.8) | 2 (9.5) | 3 (17.7) |
| Uncomplicated delivery balloon rupture | 3 (1.8)‡ | 3 (2.8) | – | – | – |
| Stent slipping down the carrier during delivery | 5 (2.9) | 3 (2.8) | – | 2 (9.5) | – |
| Controlled stent migration during implantation | 5 (2.9) | 3 (2.8) | – | – | 2 (11.8) |
| Contained vascular rupture | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | – | – | – |
| Bleeding requiring transfusion | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.9) | – | – | – |
| Minor wire-related haemoptysis | 3 (1.8) | 2 (1.9) | – | – | 1 (5.9) |
| Transient rhythm disturbances | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.8) | – | – |
| Vascular access complications, n (%) | 6 (3.5) | 4 (3.8) | – | 2 (9.5) | – |
| Uncomplicated groin haematoma | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.9) | – | 1 (4.8) | – |
| Surgically treated arteriovenous fistula | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | – | – | – |
| Self-resolving arteriovenous fistula | 1 (0.6) | – | – | 1 (4.8) | – |
| Left femoral artery pseudoaneurysm | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.9) | – | – | – |
| Total hospital stay (days), median (IQR) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–3) | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–3) |
| Follow-up (months), median (IQR) | 9 (4–14) | 12 (5–16) | 9 (3–13) | 5 (3–10) | 7 (4–12) |
| In-hospital death, n (%) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.9) | – | – | – |
*Treated with thrombolysis and thrombectomy.
†Severe wire-related haemoptysis secondary to stent slippage during delivery and excessive manipulations led in one patient to abortion of the prestenting procedure and elective surgical revalvulation.
‡Two were secondary to exposed fragments of previously implanted fractured stents within the target zone.
RVOT, right ventricular outflow tract; TPVR, transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement.