Cluster 1 (n=111) | Cluster 2 (n=43) | Cluster 3 (n=32) | Cluster 4 (n=61) | P value | |
LVEF, mean±SD (95% CI), % | 56.6±6.17 (55.4 to 57.7) (3,4) | 55.6±7.78 (53.2 to 58.0) (3,4) | 43.7±13.7 (38.8 to 48.7) (1,2,4) | 50.4±10.4 (47.7 to 53.0) (1,2,3) | 5.2×10–9 |
sPAP, mean±SD (95% CI), mmHg | 35.6±10.1 (33.4 to 37.7) (1,2,4) | 44.1±14.4 (39.2 to 49.0) (1,3) | 59.4±16.8 (53.1 to 65.8) (1,2,4) | 46.4±13.3 (42.7–50.0) (1,3) | 1.6×10–11 |
Right midventricular diameter, mean±SD (95% CI), mm | 28.4±4.44 (27.5 to 29.4) (4) | 29.2±4.70 (27.5 to 30.8) | 31.9±7.23 (28.9 to 34.9) | 32.0±7.44 (29.9 to 34.0) (1) | 0.0054 |
TAPSE, mean±SD (95% CI), mm | 21.6±4.91 (20.6 to 22.5) (3,4) | 21.3±4.61 (19.9 to 22.8) (3,4) | 15.9±4.47 (14.3 to 17.5) (1,2) | 17.6±4.25 (16.5 to 18.7) (1,2) | 1.0×10–9 |
LA area, mean±SD (95% CI), cm2 | 22.1±6.67 (20.8 to 23.4) (2,3,4) | 27.0±5.84 (25.2 to 28.8) (1,4) | 29.9±6.90 (27.4 to 32.4) (1) | 31.2±7.68 (29.2 to 33.2) (1,2) | 1.1×10–12 |
RA area, mean±SD (95% CI), cm2 | 16.8±5.08 (15.8 to 17.8) (2,3,4) | 20.1±5.11 (18.5 to 21.8) (1,3,4) | 26.4±7.02 (23.8 to 28.9) (1,2) | 25.6±9.71 (23.0 to 28.1) (1,2) | 8.0×10–15 |
MR≥III/IV°, n (%) | 1 (0.901%) (3) | 0 (0%) (3) | 6 (18.8%) (1,2,4) | 2 (3.28%) (3) | 0.0002 |
TR≥III/IV°, n (%) | 3 (2.70%) (3,4) | 3 (6.98%) (3) | 10 (31.2%) (1,2) | 9 (14.8%) (1) | 3.4×10–5 |
Kruskal-Wallis test in combination with pairwise Wilcoxon test with correction for multiple testing (Benjamini-Hochberg method) was used for comparisons among clusters. Numbers in parentheses indicate between which clusters significant differences (p value ≤0.05) were detected.
LA area, left atrial area; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; RA area, right atrial area; sPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.