Summary of associations with high epidemiological credibility of risk and protective factors with the risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation
| Level of credibility | Associations |
| Meta-analyses including Observational studies | |
| Convincing | Transfemoral transcatheter AVR |
| High suggestive | Preoperative hypertension, high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio |
| Grade level of evidence | |
| Meta-analyses including RCTs | |
| High | Atrial pacing, biatrial pacing, posterior pericardiotomy |
| Medium | Dexmedetomidine, glucocorticoids (general, low, medium doses), hydrocortisone, ranolazine, statin (pre-treatment and perioperative), antioxidant, PUFAs (alone or in combinations with Vitamin C and E), amiodarone, colchicine, TAVR compared with SAVR, landiolol, carvedilol, prophylactic NAC use |
AVR, aortic valve replacement; NAC, N-acetylcysteine; PUFAs, polyunsaturated fatty acids; RCT, randomised controlled trial; SAVR, surgical aorta valve replacement; TAVR, transcatheter aorta valve replacement.