Baseline clinical and echocardiographic characteristics
| Acute MI n=68 | Previous MI n=45 | Control n=101 | P value | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 73.4±9.3 | 75.0±8.2 | 74.1±8.9 | 0.64 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 27 (40%)* | 6 (13%)*† | 47 (46%)† | 0.0008 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.84±0.23 | 1.90±0.21 | 1.85±0.21 | 0.35 |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 48 (71%)‡ | 29 (64%)† | 46 (46%)‡† | 0.003 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 36 (53%)‡ | 16 (36%) | 26 (26%)‡ | 0.002 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 52 (76%) | 40 (89%)† | 68 (67%)† | 0.02 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 57 (84%) | 37 (82%) | 79 (78%) | 0.64 |
| CKD, n (%) | 21 (31%)‡ | 15 (33%)† | 17 (17%)‡† | 0.038 |
| CAD, n (%) | 68 (100%)‡ | 45 (100%)† | 34 (34%)‡† | <0.0001 |
| BAV, n (%) | 4 (6%) | 1 (2%) | 7 (7%) | 0.68 |
| Beta-blocker, n (%) | 53 (78%)‡ | 34 (76%)† | 36 (36%)‡† | <0.0001 |
| ARB, n (%) | 8 (12%)‡* | 15 (33%)* | 36 (36%)‡ | 0.002 |
| ACEI, n (%) | 42 (62%)‡ | 20 (44%)† | 24 (24%)‡† | <0.0001 |
| Statin, n (%) | 65 (96%)‡ | 42 (93%)† | 66 (65%)‡† | <0.0001 |
| Echocardiographic characteristics | ||||
| AVAi (cm2/m2) | 0.69±0.18 | 0.64±0.17 | 0.65±0.16 | 0.26 |
| AVA (cm2) | 1.28±0.36 | 1.20±0.32 | 1.20±0.29 | 0.17 |
| VTI ratio | 0.331±0.088 | 0.307±0.081 | 0.332±0.083 | 0.25 |
| MG (mm Hg) | 15.3±8.3 | 17.4±6.7 | 17.8±9.2 | 0.16 |
| Vpeak (m/s) | 2.54±0.59‡ | 2.75±0.49 | 2.78±0.58‡ | 0.028 |
| LVEF (%) | 50.0±10.6‡* | 55.7±12.5*† | 66.2±6.6‡† | <0.0001 |
| SVi (mL/m2) | 35.4±9.4‡ | 39.2±9.1 | 38.9±7.6‡ | 0.017 |
| LVET (ms) | 287±36‡* | 315±38* | 306±35‡ | 0.0001 |
| Flow rate (mL/s) | 226±55 | 236±59 | 235±44 | 0.50 |
| ≥Moderate AR, n (%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 0.41 |
*P<0.05 for comparison acute versus previous MI groups.
†P<0.05 for comparison previous MI versus control groups.
‡P<0.05 for comparison acute MI versus control groups.
ACEI, ACE inhibitor; AR, aortic valve regurgitation; ARB, angiotensin-2 receptor blocker; AVA, aortic valve area; AVAi, indexed aortic valve area; BAV, bicuspid aortic valve; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVET, left ventricular ejection time; MG, mean aortic gradient; MI, myocardial infarction; SVi, indexed stroke volume; Vpeak, aortic peak jet velocity; VTI, velocity-time integral.