Univariate and multivariate predictors of 1-year all-cause mortality
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis* | ||||
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age | 1.04 | 1.03.1.06 | <0.001 | 1.04 | 1.02 to 1.06 | <0.001 |
| Female | 1.02 | 0.73 to 1.4 | 0.9 | -– | – | – |
| Indigenous | 1.1 | 0.4 to 2.7 | 0.82 | – | – | – |
| Rural | 1.4 | 1.01 to 1.9 | 0.047 | 1.6 | 1.06-.25 | 0.026 |
| Precipitant of admission | ||||||
| Adherence | 1.05 | 0.5 to 2.1 | 0.87 | – | – | – |
| Arrhythmia | 0.3 | 0.2 to 0.6 | <0.001 | 0.5 | 0.3 to 0.9 | 0.04 |
| Ischaemia | 0.7 | 0.5 to 1.2 | 0.25 | – | – | – |
| Infection | 1.2 | 0.8 to 1.7 | 0.32 | – | – | – |
| Cause of HF | ||||||
| IHD | 1.03 | 0.7 to 1.4 | 0.85 | – | – | – |
| Cardiomyopathy | 0.6 | 0.3 to 1.1 | 0.154 | – | – | – |
| VHD | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.1 | 0.14 | – | – | – |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 0.86 | 0.6 to 1.2 | 0.39 | – | – | – |
| Stroke | 1.7 | 1.1 to 2.6 | 0.016 | 1.9 | 1.1 to 3.2 | 0.021 |
| CPD | 1.3 | 0.9 to 1.9 | 0.08 | – | – | – |
| CKD | 1.7 | 1.2 to 2.4 | 0.002 | 0.9 | 0.6 to 1.7 | 0.97 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.84 | 0.5 to 1.2 | 0.36 | – | – | – |
| Hypertension | 0.7 | 0.5 to 1.01 | 0.058 | – | – | – |
| IHD | 1.09 | 0.78 to 1.53 | 0.59 | – | – | – |
| Specialty | ||||||
| OMUs | 2.34 | 1.6 to 3.4 | <0.001 | 1.4 | 0.9 to 2.3 | 0.18 |
| HF type (compared with unknown) | ||||||
| HFrEF (EF<50) | 0.68 | 0.4 to 1.02 | 0.068 | 1.3 | 0.8 to 2.1 | 0.37 |
| HFpEF (EF≥50) | 0.5 | 0.3 to 0.7 | 0.001 | 0.6 | 0.4 to 0.99 | 0.05 |
| Medication | ||||||
| ACEis/ARB | 0.38 | 0.27 to 0.54 | <0.001 | 0.5 | 0.3 to 0.8 | 0.002 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 0.59 | 0.39 to 0.88 | 0.01 | 1.4 | 0.8 to 2.3 | 0.25 |
| β-Blockers | 0.36 | 0.25 to 0.5 | <0.001 | 0.6 | 0.4 to 0.98 | 0.044 |
| Anticoagulant | 0.52 | 0.35 to 0.77 | 0.001 | 0.7 | 0.4 to 1.2 | 0.19 |
| Antiplatelets | 0.6 | 0.4 to 0.8 | 0.006 | 0.7 | 0.4 to 1.1 | 0.11 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 0.73 | 0.4 to 1.2 | 0.25 | – | – | – |
| Digoxin | 0.4 | 0.2 to 0.7 | 0.005 | 0.5 | 0.2 to 0.9 | 0.02 |
| Loop diuretics | 0.6 | 0.4 to 0.86 | 0.006 | 0.94 | 0.6 to 1.5 | 0.79 |
| Thiazide | 0.5 | 0.2 to 1.3 | 0.201 | – | – | – |
| Nitrate | 1.05 | 0.6 to 1.8 | 0.84 | – | – | – |
| Statins | 0.4 | 0.34 to 0.68 | <0.001 | 0.8 | 0.5 to 1.2 | 0.24 |
| Cardiac rehab | 0.4 | 0.25 to 0.67 | <0.001 | 0.8 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 0.57 |
| Pathology | ||||||
| Peak troponin | 1 | 0.9 to 1.1 | 0.65 | – | – | – |
| Haemoglobin | 0.98 | 0.97 to 0.99 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.9 to 1.01 | 0.38 |
| White blood cell | 0.9 | 0.9 to 1.01 | 0.5 | – | – | – |
| Platelet count | 0.99 | 0.9 to 1 | 0.169 | – | – | – |
| Albumin | 0.9 | 0.86 to 0.93 | <0.001 | 0.93 | 0.89 to 0.98 | 0.009 |
| GFR at admission | 0.98 | 0.97 to 0.99 | <0.001 | 0.99 | 0.98 to 1.01 | 0.25 |
| Creatinine at admission | 1.01 | 1.01 to 1.02 | 0.008 | – | – | – |
*Model included variables with p value of less than 0.05.
ACEis/ARB, ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CPD, chronic pulmonary disease; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; OMUs, other medical units; VHD, valvular heart disease.