Patient demographics and haemodynamics
| Group I pulmonary hypertension | Group II pulmonary hypertension | P value | |
| Number | 107 | 86 | |
| Diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| IPAH | 76 (71) | ||
| HPAH | 7 (6) | ||
| PVOD | 25 (23) | ||
| Age (years) | 62±15 | 69±10 | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 40 (37) | 33 (38) | 0.99 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30±7 | 33±6 | 0.01 |
| BMI>30, n (%) | 43 (40) | 52 (49) | 0.008 |
| Medical history | |||
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | |||
| T1DM | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.5 |
| T2DM | 36 (34) | 30 (35) | 0.87 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 13 (12) | 64 (74) | <0.001 |
| Systemic hypertension | |||
| Antihypertensive medications, n | 0.8±1.0 | 1.1±0.9 | 0.01 |
| Antihypertensive medications≥2, n (%) | 24 (22) | 29 (34) | 0.1 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 44 (41) | 52 (60) | 0.009 |
| Left-heart valvular surgery, n (%) | 3 (3) | 6 (7) | 0.19 |
| ECG index of SV1 +RV6 (mm) | 11±5 | 15±7 | <0.001 |
| Transthoracic echocardiogram | |||
| E/e′ ratio | 9±4.8 | 16±7.5 | <0.001 |
| LA dilation, n (%) | 17 (16) | 68 (79) | <0.001 |
| Right heart catheterisation | |||
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mm Hg) | 46±10 | 42±10 | 0.007 |
| Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (mm Hg) | 7±3 | 20±4 | <0.001 |
| Cardiac output (L/min) | 3.8±1.0 | 4.6±1.8 | <0.001 |
| Pulmonary vascular resistance (woods units, WU) | 11±4 | 5±3 | <0.001 |
| Mixed venous saturations (%) | 61±9 | 61±9 | 0.95 |
Data are presented as mean±SD or actual number (%) where stated. NS indicates no significant difference between patient groups.
BMI, body mass index; E/e’ ratio, ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity; HPAH, heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension; IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension; LA, left atrium; PVOD, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease; SV1+RV6, sum of the s wave in v1 and r wave in v6; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.