Linear regression coefficients for the association between S-TC and consumption of boiled/plunger coffee, by sex and according to complete case or missing indicator method. The Tromsø Study 2015–2016
| Cups of coffee per day | N | Complete case β (95% CI) | N | Missing indicator method β (95% CI) |
| Women | ||||
| 0 | 5988 | 0 (reference) | 6083 | 0 (reference) |
| 1–2 | 729 | 0.10 (0.02 to 0.17) | 1066 | 0.08 (0.01 to 0.15) |
| 3–5 | 361 | 0.18 (0.07 to 0.29) | 566 | 0.18 (0.08 to 0.27) |
| ≥6 | 89 | 0.37 (0.16 to 0.58) | 145 | 0.30 (0.13 to 0.48) |
| P linear trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Men | ||||
| 0 | 5570 | 0 (reference) | 5516 | 0 (reference) |
| 1–2 | 656 | 0.09 (0.01 to 0.18) | 1076 | 0.11 (0.03 to 0.18) |
| 3–5 | 339 | 0.22 (0.10 to 0.34) | 562 | 0.25 (0.15 to 0.35) |
| ≥6 | 157 | 0.31 (0.14 to 0.48) | 162 | 0.23 (0.08 to 0.38) |
| P linear trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| P interaction* | 0.52 | 0.55 |
Adjusted for age, BMI, daily smoking, physical activity, education, alcohol consumption, diabetes and combined coffee habits.
β, regression coefficient, difference in total cholesterol (mmol/L) compared to the reference group of 0 cups per day.
*Test for interaction between sex and coffee consumption (as an ordinal variable).
BMI, body mass index; S-TC, serum total cholesterol.