Characteristics of study participants
| PLWH (n=110) | HIVneg (n=110) | P value | |
| Age, years | 42.9±8.9 | 42.1±12.9 | 0.60 |
| Female (%) | 66 (60) | 64 (58) | 0.08 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 123±14 | 126±13 | 0.10 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 81±10 | 81±9 | 0.99 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 91.2±13.7 | 94.3±14.3 | 0.11 |
| Hip circumference, cm | 101.6±11.9 | 104.7±11.1 | 0.05 |
| Waist hip circumference ratio | 0.90±0.07 | 0.90±0.07 | 0.83 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 25.2±5.4 | 26.3±5.4 | 0.16 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 1.8±0.2 | 1.8±0.2 | 0.48 |
| Tobacco use | |||
| Never smoker, (%) | 88 (80.0) | 103 (93.6) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker, (%) | 4 (3.6) | 0 (0) | 0.03 |
| Former smoker, (%) | 18 (16.4) | 7 (6.4) | <0.001 |
| Smoking pack years, (pack-years) | 10.2 | 3.4 | 0.10 |
| Serological assays: | |||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 195±46 | 181±39 | 0.02 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 128±42 | 123±37 | 0.31 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 57±17 | 48±12 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 141±77 | 141±83 | 0.93 |
| Haemoglobin A1C, % | 5.5±0.49 | 5.8±0.47 | <0.001 |
| Haemoglobin A1C>7%, n | 1 | 1 | 1.0 |
| HIV clinical factors | |||
| HIV diagnosis*, years | 7.2±3.3 | – | |
| ART duration, years | 5.3±3.1 | – | |
| Current HIV RNA undetectable†‡, % | 81 (75%) | – | |
| Current median HIV viral load, copies/mL, IQR | 123 (61–1269) | – | |
| Current CD4+ T‐cell count, cells/mm3 | 558±220 | – | |
| Nadir CD4+ T‐cell count§, cells/mm3 | 212±128 | – |
*Undetectable viral load <20 copies/mL.
†N=109.
‡N=108.
§N=103.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; PLWH, people living with HIV.