Patient characteristics
| TAVR (n=137) | SAVR (n=137) | P value | |
| Age (years) | 82.7±6.4 | 72.5±7.6 | <0.001 |
| Female gender | 59 (43.1) | 43 (31.4) | 0.046 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.7±5.0 | 28.4±4.9 | 0.209 |
| Cardiac disease | |||
| Coronary artery disease | 65 (47.4) | 14 (10.2) | <0.001 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 11 (8.7) | 2 (1.5) | 0.007 |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 31 (22.6) | 11 (8.0) | 0.001 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft | 15 (10.9) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| History of atrial fibrillation | 48 (36.4) | 20 (14.9) | <0.001 |
| Pacemaker/ICD implantation | 15 (10.9) | 6 (4.4) | 0.041 |
| Previous hospital admission due to CHF | 48 (37.2) | 13 (9.8) | <0.001 |
| Aortic and/or peripheral vascular surgery | 1 (0.8) | 3 (2.2) | 0.623 |
| Mitral valve intervention | 2 (1.6) | 1 (0.7) | 0.613 |
| Tricuspid valve intervention | 2 (1.6) | 1 (0.7) | 0.613 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Carotid artery stenosis (>50%) | 12 (8.8) | 4 (3.0) | 0.030 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 17 (12.6) | 4 (2.9) | 0.003 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 15 (11.3) | 4 (3.0) | 0.008 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 36 (26.3) | 31 (22.6) | 0.482 |
| Pulmonary disease | 23 (17.0) | 19 (13.9) | 0.470 |
| Pulmonary hypertension (sys >60 mm Hg) | 8 (7.0) | 5 (4.3) | 0.383 |
| Renal insufficiency/failure | |||
| Creatinine ≥2.0 mg/dL | 8 (5.8) | 1 (0.7) | 0.036 |
| Dialysis | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Current smoker | 2 (1.5) | 6 (4.4) | 0.282 |
| Present diagnosis of a psychiatric diagnosis, anxiety disorder or depression (being actively treated) | 4 (2.9) | 6 (4.4) | 0.519 |
| Risk scores, mean±SD | |||
| Euroscore II | 4.18±3.58 | 1.68±1.75 | <0.001 |
| STS risk score | 5.22±4.74 | 2.45±2.69 | <0.001 |
| MMSE-2 | 25.2±5.3 | 27.1±3.1 | 0.001 |
| Katz | 5.65±0.97 | 5.96±0.27 | <0.001 |
| IADL | 6.39±1.92 | 7.36±1.20 | <0.001 |
| Female | 5.88±2.10 | 7.58±0.91 | <0.001 |
| Male | 6.77±1.67 | 7.27±1.31 | 0.030 |
| Baseline health status, mean±SD | |||
| TASQ overall summary | 67.1±19.4 | 75.3±17.7 | <0.001 |
| TASQ physical symptoms | 8.1±2.5 | 8.9±2.8 | 0.015 |
| TASQ physical limitations | 13.5±5.7 | 16.1±5.8 | <0.001 |
| TASQ emotional impact | 30.8±10.3 | 33.1±9.8 | 0.061 |
| TASQ social limitations | 9.1±4.2 | 11.3±3.3 | <0.001 |
| TASQ health expectations | 5.6±1.4 | 5.9±1.4 | 0.122 |
| KCCQ overall summary | 52.4±22.4 | 68.1±19.6 | <0.001 |
| KCCQ physical limitations | 55.1±26.2 | 75.1±20.7 | <0.001 |
| KCCQ total symptoms | 61.5±23.8 | 71.9±21.8 | <0.001 |
| KCCQ quality of life | 44.9±23.3 | 55.2±22.7 | <0.001 |
| KCCQ social limitation | 48.5±28.9 | 70.2±26.5 | <0.001 |
| SF-12v2 physical summary | 36.9±7.2 | 42.4±9.3 | <0.001 |
| SF-12v2 mental summary | 47.0±10.9 | 50.0±9.9 | 0.018 |
MMSE-2 score: 0–30 (the higher, the better); Katz activities of daily living score: 0 (dependent)–6 (independent); IADL score: 0 (low function, dependent)–8 (high function, independent).
CHF, congestive heart failure; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; ICD, implantable cardioverter–defibrillator; KCCQ, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; SF-12v2, Short Form-12 V.2; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons; TASQ, Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life Questionnaire; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement.