Patient characteristics and prescribed medication prior to diagnosis
| Patients with ATTR-CM (n=994) | HF comparison cohort (matched) (n=993) | P value | |
| Female, n (%) | 297 (29.9) | 296 (29.8)* | 0.493 |
| Age at diagnosis, mean (SD) | 72.7 (11.6) | 72.8 (11.4)* | 0.595 |
| Age distribution at diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| 18–29 | 7 (0.7) | 6 (0.6) | 0.491 |
| 30–39 | 11 (1.1) | 10 (1) | 0.491 |
| 40–49 | 33 (3.3) | 31 (3.1) | 0.482 |
| 50–59 | 69 (6.9) | 75 (7.6) | 0.556 |
| 60–69 | 176 (17.7) | 173 (17.4) | 0.472 |
| 70–79 | 400 (40.2) | 400 (40.3) | 0.505 |
| 80+ | 298 (30) | 298 (30) | 0.503 |
| Elixhauser Comorbidity Index†, mean (SD) | 5.13 (2.42) | 5.30 (2.35) | 0.951 |
| Prescriptions of heart and cardiovascular medication 1 year prior to diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| Beta blockers | 584 (58.8) | 596 (60) | 0.671 |
| ACE inhibitors | 382 (38.4) | 369 (37.2) | 0.360 |
| ARBs | 292 (29.4) | 233 (23.5) | 0.064 |
| Digoxin | 74 (7.4) | 60 (6) | 0.374 |
| Dihydropyridine CCBs | 212 (21.3) | 273 (27.5) | 0.953 |
| Non-dihydropyridine CCBs | 14 (1.4) | 18 (1.8) | 0.862 |
| Diuretics | 608 (61.2) | 446 (44.9) | 0.000 |
| Loop diuretics | 539 (54.2) | 381 (38.3) | 0.000 |
| Antiplatelets | 370 (37.2) | 438 (44.1) | 0.976 |
| Lipid-lowering agents | 359 (36.1) | 441 (44.4) | 0.991 |
| Anticoagulants | 327 (32.9) | 303 (30.5) | 0.260 |
*Age and sex were used to match patients with HF to patients with ATTR-CM and are therefore very similar between the cohorts.
†The Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was calculated based on primary and secondary diagnoses in inpatient and outpatient specialty care. The index includes 31 diagnosis categories, each contributing 1 point to the index; the index can thus range from 0 to 31.
ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers; ATTR-CM, transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy; CCBs, calcium channel blockers; HF, heart failure.