Characteristic | Overall | Females | Males | P value |
Sample Size | n=703 | n=312 | n=391 | ----- |
Age (years) | 74.1±13.3 | 76.4±12.8 | 72.3±13.4 | <0.001 |
Height (m) | 1.67±0.17 | 1.60±0.14 | 1.74±0.17 | <0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 88.7±30.1 | 81.0±27.1 | 95.8±31.1 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30.9±9.1 | 31.3±9.8 | 30.6±8.5 | 0.54 |
Race | ||||
African American | 2.0% | 1.3% | 2.6% | 0.23 |
American Indian/AKN | 4.7% | 2.2% | 6.6% | 0.006 |
Asian | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | ----- |
Native Hawaiian/PI | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.3% | 0.37 |
White | 92.7% | 95.8% | 90.3% | 0.005 |
Unknown Race | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.3% | 0.44 |
Insurance (may have multiple insurances) | ||||
Medicaid | 10.7% | 12.8% | 9.0% | 0.10 |
Medicare | 62.6% | 66.3% | 55.6% | 0.07 |
Medicare advantage | 21.2% | 23.1% | 19.7% | 0.28 |
Private/HMO | 62.3% | 61.5% | 62.9% | 0.71 |
None | 1.1% | 0.6% | 1.5% | 0.27 |
Admit Source | 0.24 | |||
Another hospital | 36.8% | 37.8% | 35.8% | |
Clinic | 9.3% | 9.8% | 8.8% | |
Emergency dept. | 45.0% | 44.1% | 45.9% | |
Non-healthcare fac. | 1.3% | 0.7% | 1.9% | |
Skilled nursing fac. | 2.3% | 4.2% | 0.6% | |
Other health fac. | 5.3% | 3.5% | 6.9% | |
AHA HF diagnosis | ||||
Primary Dx, no CAD | 44.4% | 50.6% | 39.4% | 0.006 |
Primary Dx, CAD | 55.5% | 49.0% | 60.6% | |
Secondary Dx | 0.1% | 0.3% | 0.0% | |
Prior HF diagnosis | 71.7% | 71.2% | 72.1% | 0.78 |
LVEF | 44.5%±17.0% | 49.8%±16.3% | 40.3%±16.4% | <0.001 |
Heart rate (BPM) | 85.8±19.4 | 84.4±18.3 | 87.1±20.3 | 0.23 |
Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 138±28 | 144±29 | 134±26 | 0.001 |
Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 79.2±16.2 | 80.0±16.4 | 78.5±16.1 | 0.46 |
EKG QRS duration (s) | 117±33 | 110±31 | 123±35 | <0.001 |
Anaemia | 27.7% | 31.1% | 25.1% | 0.08 |
Atrial fibrillation | 47.8% | 44.2% | 50.6% | 0.09 |
Atrial flutter | 7.4% | 3.8% | 10.2% | 0.001 |
Coronary artery disease | 50.1% | 42.9% | 55.8% | <0.001 |
COPD/asthma | 32.3% | 34.6% | 30.4% | 0.24 |
Depression | 28.7% | 33.0% | 25.3% | 0.025 |
Diabetes, insulin-dep. | 22.8% | 22.1% | 23.3% | 0.72 |
Diabetes, non-insulin | 20.5% | 17.0% | 23.3% | 0.040 |
Dialysis | 1.3% | 0.6% | 1.8% | 0.18 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 69.3% | 69.6% | 69.1% | 0.89 |
Hypertension | 84.8% | 84.3% | 85.2% | 0.75 |
Pacemaker | 11.2% | 13.1% | 9.7% | 0.15 |
Peripheral vascular dis. | 15.2% | 14.7% | 15.6% | 0.75 |
Prior CABG | 19.9% | 14.7% | 24.0% | 0.002 |
Prior MI | 24.5% | 19.6% | 28.4% | 0.007 |
Prior PCI | 30.2% | 27.2% | 32.5% | 0.13 |
Rales | 21.8% | 23.4% | 20.5% | 0.35 |
Renal insufficiency | 26.3% | 22.8% | 29.2% | 0.06 |
Sleep-disord. breathing | 13.2% | 9.9% | 15.9% | 0.021 |
Smoking history | 18.2% | 14.4% | 21.2% | 0.020 |
Stroke | 18.6% | 19.2% | 18.2% | 0.72 |
Valvular heart disease | 25.3% | 26.6% | 24.3% | 0.49 |
BNP (pg/mL) | 1468±1439 | 1438±1541 | 1492±1352 | 0.64 |
Troponin (ng/mL) | 0.44±2.57 | 0.26±1.40 | 0.58±3.22 | 0.12 |
Troponin, peak (ng/mL) | 1.31±11.0 | 0.59±3.27 | 1.89±14.54 | 0.14 |
AKN, Alaskan native; BMI, body mass index; BNP, B type natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; BPM, beats per minute; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GWTG-HF, Get With The Guidelines—Heart Failure; HF, heart failure; IMRS, Intermountain Mortality Risk Score; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention (including balloon angioplasty and coronary stenting); PI, pacific islander.