Variables | Non-elderly | Elderly | Very elderly | P value |
(n=7803) | (n=7874) | (n=4990) | ||
Age, years | 51 (40–59) | 72 (68–76) | 84 (82–88) | <0.001* |
Male gender | 5508 (70.6%) | 4899 (62.2%) | 2196 (44.0%) | <0.001* |
BMI, kg/m2 | 21.5 (19.1–24.3) | 21.6 (19.3–24.0) | 20.6 (18.3–23.1) | <0.001* |
<18.5 | 1419 (18.2%) | 1354 (17.2%) | 1171 (23.5%) | |
18.5–24.9 | 4393 (56.3%) | 4678 (59.4%) | 2657 (53.2%) | |
25.0–29.9 | 1197 (15.3%) | 1059 (13.4%) | 463 (9.3%) | |
≥30 | 331 (4.2%) | 213 (2.7%) | 76 (1.5%) | |
Smoking | 3841 (49.2%) | 3289 (41.8%) | 1495 (30.0%) | <0.001* |
Barthel Index | 100 (50–100) | 75 (5–100) | 25 (0–85) | <0.001* |
<20 (total dependence) | 1249 (16.0%) | 1900 (24.1%) | 1967 (39.4%) | <0.001* |
20–35 (severe dependence) | 261 (3.3%) | 373 (4.7%) | 310 (6.2%) | |
40–55 (moderate dependence) | 376 (4.8%) | 589 (7.5%) | 473 (9.5%) | |
60–95 (mild dependence) | 890 (11.4%) | 856 (10.9%) | 522 (10.5%) | |
100 (independence) | 4028 (51.6%) | 2768 (35.2%) | 848 (17.0%) | |
JCS | <0.001* | |||
0 (alert) | 6738 (86.4%) | 6341 (80.5%) | 3358 (67.3%) | |
1–3 (drowsy) | 710 (9.1%) | 1058 (13.4%) | 1156 (23.2%) | |
10–30 (somnolence) | 196 (2.5%) | 284 (3.6%) | 318 (6.4%) | |
100–300 (coma) | 159 (2.0%) | 191 (2.4%) | 158 (3.2%) | |
Hospital volume | <0.001* | |||
Low (<4) | 183 (2.3%) | 256 (3.3%) | 282 (5.7%) | |
Middle (4≤ and <14) | 1033 (13.2%) | 1213 (15.4%) | 1139 (22.8%) | |
High (≥14) | 6587 (84.4%) | 6405 (81.3%) | 3569 (71.5%) | |
Clinical training hospital | 6820 (87.4%) | 6641 (84.3%) | 4043 (81.0%) | <0.001* |
Emergent admission | 5874 (75.3%) | 6163 (78.3%) | 4266 (85.5%) | <0.001* |
Pre-hospital home medical care | 60 (0.8%) | 142 (1.8%) | 288 (5.8%) | <0.001* |
Comorbid conditions | ||||
Hypertension | 1697 (21.7%) | 2341 (29.7%) | 1588 (31.8%) | <0.001* |
Diabetes mellitus | 1068 (13.7%) | 1666 (21.2%) | 791 (15.9%) | <0.001* |
Dyslipidaemia | 537 (6.9%) | 768 (9.8%) | 437 (8.8%) | <0.001* |
Atrial fibrillation | 423 (5.4%) | 1031 (13.1%) | 698 (14.0%) | <0.001* |
Malignancy | 224 (2.9%) | 616 (7.8%) | 397 (8.0%) | <0.001* |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 191 (2.4%) | 258 (3.3%) | 210 (4.2%) | <0.001* |
Chronic liver disease | 361 (4.6%) | 327 (4.2%) | 152 (3.0%) | <0.001* |
Chronic renal disease | 529 (6.8%) | 954 (12.1%) | 471 (9.4%) | <0.001* |
Previous valve replacement | 78 (1.0%) | 172 (2.2%) | 35 (0.7%) | <0.001* |
In-hospital complications | ||||
Heart failure | 2314 (29.7%) | 2718 (34.5%) | 1984 (39.8%) | <0.001* |
NYHA II | 385 (4.9%) | 420 (5.3%) | 206 (4.1%) | 0.001* |
NYHA III | 274 (3.5%) | 319 (4.1%) | 176 (3.5%) | |
NYHA IV | 242 (3.1%) | 269 (3.4%) | 202 (4.0%) | |
Stroke | 1071 (13.7%) | 1011 (12.8%) | 542 (10.9%) | <0.001* |
Ischaemic | 903 (11.6%) | 855 (10.9%) | 484 (9.7%) | 0.004* |
Haemorrhagic | 216 (2.8%) | 195 (2.5%) | 66 (1.3%) | <0.001* |
Embolism | 391 (5.0%) | 217 (2.8%) | 96 (1.9%) | <0.001* |
Coronary | 37 (0.5%) | 36 (0.5%) | 23 (0.5%) | 0.987 |
Spleen | 126 (1.6%) | 70 (0.9%) | 17 (0.3%) | <0.001* |
Kidney | 133 (1.7%) | 26 (0.3%) | 4 (0.1%) | <0.001* |
Lung | 68 (0.9%) | 25 (0.3%) | 16 (0.3%) | <0.001* |
Abdominal artery | 3 (0.0%) | 9 (0.1%) | 4 (0.1%) | 0.232 |
Extremities | 85 (1.1%) | 62 (0.8%) | 35 (0.7%) | 0.039* |
Shock | 149 (1.9%) | 141 (1.8%) | 73 (1.5%) | 0.165 |
DIC | 266 (3.4%) | 277 (3.5%) | 176 (3.5%) | 0.912 |
Data are expressed as the median (IQR) or number (percentage).
*P values are significant.
BMI, body mass index; DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; JCS, Japan Coma Scale; NYHA, New York Heart Association.