Table 3

Multivariable logistic regression examining the association of individual comorbidities with hypertension control, among middle-aged UK adults on anti-hypertensive treatment (N=99 468)

Age and sex adjustedMultivariable adjusted*
CoefficientLeveln% controlled†OR95% CIP valueOR95% CIP value
CVDNo80 12434.911
Yes19 34451.32.20(2.12 to 2.27)<0.0012.11(2.04 to 2.19)<0.001
DiabetesNo84 04037.111
Yes15 42843.91.36(1.31 to 1.41)<0.0011.32(1.27 to 1.36)<0.001
Arrhythmia (afib/flutter)No97 76937.911
Yes169949.01.70(1.55 to 1.87)<0.0011.72(1.56 to 1.90)<0.001
Asthma or COPDNo86 88938.011
Yes12 57938.81.01(0.97 to 1.05)0.6500.96(0.92 to 1.00)0.031
MigrainesNo96 50037.711
Yes296852.71.68(1.56 to 1.81)<0.0011.68(1.56 to 1.81)<0.001
EpilepsyNo98 63138.111
Yes83741.31.10(0.96 to 1.26)0.1780.96(0.83 to 1.10)0.554
AnxietyNo97 56437.911
Yes190449.71.51(1.38 to 1.66)<0.0011.47(1.34 to 1.62)<0.001
DepressionNo93 35337.511
Yes611547.21.40(1.33 to 1.48)<0.0011.27(1.20 to 1.34)<0.001
OsteoarthritisNo87 74937.911
Yes11 71939.71.10(1.06 to 1.15)<0.0011.08(1.04 to 1.13)<0.001
Other joint disorderNo95 07038.111
Yes439838.61.02(0.96 to 1.08)0.5970.97(0.91 to 1.03)0.313
  • *The multiply-adjusted model presented in table 3 contains variables included in table 2 except for the number of comorbidities, and additionally contains the individual types of comorbidities.

  • †Thus, variables included in the model above are: age group, years, gender, ethnic group, Townsend Deprivation Index, quintiles, household Income, GBP, occupation category, highest level of education (ISCED), country of birth, by income level, UK country of residence, BMI (categorical), smoking status, alcohol units per week (categorical), weekly physical activity, number of antihypertensive medications, family history of CVD, diabetes, arrhythmia (afib/flutter), asthma or COPD, migraines, epilepsy, anxiety, depression, osteoarthritis, other joint disorder, ever screened for bowel cancer. Afib/flutter: atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.

  • BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; ISCED, International Standard Classification of Education.