Variable | Multivariable model including global LD* | Multivariable analysis including lateral LD* | Multivariable analysis including posterior LD* | Multivariable analysis including inferior LD* | Multivariable analysis including septal LD* | ||||||||||
HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | |
Age (per 1 year increase) | 1.03 | 1.01 to 1.06 | 0.003 | 1.04 | 1.01 to 1.06 | 0.001 | 1.04 | 1.01 to 1.06 | 0.001 | 1.03 | 1.01 to 1.05 | 0.009 | 1.03 | 1.01 to 1.06 | 0.003 |
Diabetes | 2.76 | 1.73 to 4.39 | <0.001 | 2.76 | 1.73 to 4.39 | <0.001 | 2.72 | 1.71 to 4.32 | <0.001 | 2.68 | 1.68 to 4.27 | <0.001 | 2.77 | 1.74 to 4.41 | <0.001 |
MAP (mm Hg) | 0.97 | 0.96 to 0.99 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.96 to 0.99 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.96 to 0.99 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.96 to 0.99 | <0.001 | 0.97 | 0.96 to 0.99 | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.95 | 0.91 to 0.99 | 0.026 | 0.95 | 0.91 to 0.99 | 0.027 | 0.95 | 0.91 to 0.99 | 0.026 | 0.95 | 0.91 to 0.99 | 0.026 | 0.95 | 0.90 to 0.99 | 0.022 |
LD measure (per 1 mm decrease) | 1.19 | 1.05 to 1.34 | 0.006 | 1.09 | 1.07 to 1.19 | 0.035 | 1.09 | 1.00 to 1.18 | 0.045 | 1.18 | 1.07 to 1.30 | 0.001 | 1.12 | 1.01 to 1.25 | 0.028 |
*Multivariable model includes age, gender, ischaemic cardiomyopathy, BMI, diabetes, MAP, AF, PM, heart rate, LVIDd, LVEF, LVMI, LAVI, E/e’, TAPSE and DT.
AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; DT, deceleration time; e', average peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity; E, peak transmitral early diastolic inflow velocity; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LD, longitudinal displacement; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVIDd, left ventricular internal dimension in diastole; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PM, pacemaker; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.