Interventions and outcomes in patients who developed pacing-associated cardiomyopathy
| CHD diagnosis | N | Intervention/outcome | Response to CRT |
| TOF | 5 | CRT upgrade (n=3) | 3/3 responded |
| CRT upgrade intended (n=1) | |||
| Lost to follow-up (n=1) | |||
| TGA* | 10 | CRT upgrade (n=4) | 3/4 responded |
| CRT upgrade intended (n=1) | |||
| Medical therapy only (n=2) | |||
| Listed for heart/lung transplant (n=1) | |||
| Death (n=1) | |||
| Lost to follow-up (n=1) | |||
| Fontan | 2 | Medical therapy only (n=1) | |
| Death (n=1) | |||
| Other complex CHD | 4 | CRT upgrade (n=1) | 1/1 responded |
| Improved with reduction in VP% (n=1) | |||
| Medical therapy only (n=2) | |||
| Other simple–moderate CHD | 4 | CRT upgrade (n=3) CRT upgrade intended (n=1) | 2/3 responded |
*Atrial switch and congenitally corrected, that is, those with systemic right ventricles.
CHD, congenital heart disease; CRT, cardiac resynchronisation therapy; TGA, transposition of the great arteries; TOF, tetralogy of Fallot; VP%, ventricular pacing percentage.