Procedural characteristics and in-hospital outcomes in transcatheter aortic valve replacement
| Variable | Em-TAVR (n=87) | El- TAVR (n=1526) | P value |
| Procedural characteristics | |||
| Transfemoral approach, n (%) | 72 (82.8) | 1241 (81.3) | 0.736 |
| Bioprosthetic valve type | 0.171 | ||
| Sapien XT, n (%) | 70 (80.5) | 1258 (82.4) | |
| Sapien 3, n (%) | 12 (13.7) | 129 (8.5) | |
| CoreValve, n (%) | 5 (5.8) | 139 (9.1) | |
| Predilatation, n (%) | 65 (74.7) | 1180 (77.3) | 0.576 |
| Postdilatation, n (%) | 18 (20.7) | 256 (16.8) | 0.357 |
| Use of ECMO, n (%) | 14 (16.1) | 8 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| Elective ECMO, n (%) | 10 (11.5) | 6 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| Emergent ECMO, n (%) | 4 (4.6) | 2 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Contrast volume, mL | 120.5±71.1 | 123.5±59.4 | 0.659 |
| Fluoroscopic time, min | 25.2±12.1 | 21.2±9.7 | <0.001 |
| Clinical outcomes and complications | |||
| 30-day mortality, n (%) | 8 (9.2) | 20 (1.3) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital death, n (%) | 10 (11.5) | 42 (2.8) | <0.001 |
| Device success, n (%) | 76 (87.4) | 1440 (94.4) | 0.018 |
| Acute coronary obstruction, n (%) | 1 (1.1) | 12 (0.8) | 0.728 |
| New pacemaker implantation, n (%) | 8 (9.2) | 121 (7.9) | 0.681 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 3 (3.4) | 24 (1.3) | 0.231 |
| Life-threatening bleeding, n (%) | 13 (14.9) | 81 (5.3) | 0.001 |
| Major bleeding, n (%) | 19 (21.8) | 203 (13.3) | 0.035 |
| Transfusion, n (%) | 47 (54.0) | 471 (30.9) | <0.001 |
| Major vascular complication, n (%) | 13 (14.9) | 76 (5.0) | <0.001 |
| AKI stage 1, n (%) | 6 (6.9) | 87 (5.7) | 0.651 |
| AKI stage 2, n (%) | 4 (4.6) | 15 (1.0) | 0.018 |
| AKI stage 3, n (%) | 10 (11.5) | 28 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| New permanent haemodialysis, n (%) | 2 (2.3) | 9 (0.6) | 0.132 |
| Conversion to open surgery, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 20 (1.3) | 0.638 |
| Cardiac tamponade, n (%) | 1 (1.2) | 25 (1.6) | 0.711 |
| Valve embolisation, n (%) | 1 (1.2) | 8 (0.5) | 0.502 |
| Second valve, n (%) | 2 (2.3) | 19 (1.3) | 0.444 |
| Worsened CHF after TAVR before discharge, n (%) | 12 (16.9) | 56 (4.3) | <0.001 |
| Postoperative echocardiographic data | |||
| LVEF (modified Simpson), % | 51.3±13.4 | 58.2±11.3 | <0.001 |
| Index effective orifice area, cm2/m2 | 1.2±0.3 | 1.2±0.3 | 0.375 |
| Mean pressure gradient, mm Hg | 10.2±3.9 | 10.2±3.9 | 0.953 |
| Aortic regurgitation ≥ moderate, n (%) | 2 (2.4) | 15 (1.0) | 0.295 |
| Mitral regurgitation ≥ moderate, n (%) | 13 (15.5) | 89 (5.9) | 0.003 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation ≥ moderate, n (%) | 11 (13.8) | 97 (6.8) | 0.035 |
Values are presented as mean±SD deviation unless otherwise stated.
P<0.05 were considered statistically significant.
AKI, acute kidney injury; CHF, congestive heart failure; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; El-TAVR, elective TAVR; Em-TAVR, urgent/emergent/salvage TAVR; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement.