Total cohort (n=150) | Fried frailty phenotype | P value | |||
Non-frail n=19 | Pre-frail n=89 | Frail n=42 | |||
Age | 83.7±3.2 | 82.2±1.8 | 83.6±3.3 | 84.4±3.4 | 0.04 |
Sex | |||||
Female | 51 (34.0%) | 3 (15.8%) | 29 (32.6%) | 19 (45.2%) | 0.07 |
Body mass index | 27.3±4.7 | 26.2±2.8 | 27.2±4.6 | 27.9±5.5 | 0.41 |
Medical history | |||||
Hypertension | 102 (68%) | 13 (68.4%) | 61 (68.5%) | 28 (66.7%) | 0.98 |
Diabetes mellitus | 40 (26.7%) | 4 (21.1%) | 25 (28.1%) | 11 (26.2%) | 0.27 |
Previous myocardial infarction | 65 (43.3%) | 5 (26.3%) | 34 (38.2%) | 26 (61.9%) | 0.01 |
Previous PCI | 53 (35.3%) | 5 (26.3%) | 28 (31.5%) | 20 (47.6%) | 0.13 |
Previous CABG | 18 (12%) | 2 (10.5%) | 9 (10.1%) | 7 (16.7%) | 0.55 |
h/o CKD | 10 (6.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (6.7%) | 4 (9.5%) | 0.03 |
70 (46.7%) | 13 (68.4%) | 46 (51.7%) | 11 (26.2%) | ||
69 (46%) | 6 (31.6%) | 37 (41.6%) | 26 (61.6%) | ||
1 (0.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.4%) | ||
Charlson comorbidity score | 6.5±2.24 | 5.9±1.6 | 6.2±2.2 | 7.5±2.4 | 0.005 |
Presentation | 68 (45.3%) | 10 (52.6%) | 44 (49.4%) | 14 (33.3%) | 0.73 |
16 (10.7%) | 2 (10.5%) | 9 (10.1%) | 5 (11.9%) | ||
45 (30%) | 5 (26.3%) | 24 (26.9%) | 16 (38.1%) | ||
21 (14%) | 2 (10.52%) | 12 (13.5%) | 7 (16.7%) | ||
CCS angina class | 12 (8.0%) | 2 (10.5%) | 6 (6.7%) | 4 (9.5%) | 0.03 |
19 (12.7%) | 4 (21.1%) | 9 (10.1%) | 6 (14.3%) | ||
41 (27.3%) | 9 (47.4%) | 28 (31.5%) | 4 (9.5%) | ||
50 (33.3%) | 2 (10.5%) | 32 (36.0%) | 16 (38.1%) | ||
28 (18.7%) | 2 (10.5%) | 14 (15.7%) | 12 (28.6%) | ||
NYHA class | 10 (6.7%) | 4 (21.1%) | 6 (6.7%) | 0 (0%) | <0.001 |
87 (58%) | 12 (63.2%) | 58 (65.2%) | 17 (40.5%) | ||
44 (29.3%) | 3 (15.8%) | 24 (27.0%) | 17 (40.5%) | ||
9 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.1%) | 8 (19.0%) | ||
LV function (n=111) | 55 (49.5%) | 7 (46.7%) | 29 (45.3%) | 20 (57.1%) | 0.50 |
25 (22.5%) | 2 (13.3%) | 15 (23.4%) | 9 (25.7%) | ||
20 (18%) | 3 (20%) | 12 (18.8%) | 5 (14.3%) | ||
11 (9.9) | 3 (20.0%) | 8 (12.5%) | 1 (2.9%) | ||
ECG | 24 (16%) | 2 (10.5%) | 11 (12.4%) | 11 (26.2%) | 0.10 |
Blood parameters | 126±18 (123-129) | 126±4 (117–135) | 128±2 (124–132) | 122±2 (118–127) | 0.32 |
52.6±19.9 (49.4–55.8) | 55.3±3.2 (48.5–62.1) | 54.3±2.1 (50.2–58.4) | 47.8±3.5 (40.7–54.9) | 0.18 | |
34±6 (34–35) | 36±1 (34–38) | 35±1 (33–36) | 33±1 (32–35) | 0.16 | |
13±29 (7-19) | 14±8 (4–32) | 7±3 (2–13) | 23±7 (9–36) | 0.05 | |
41.6±25.8 (36.1–47.2) | 51.6±5.4 (39.5–63.6) | 41.3±3.9 (33.5–49.1) | 37.9±5.0 (27.5–48.3) | 0.34 | |
2259±506 (1254–3265) | 1332±611 (30–2695) | 1941±629 (677–3205) | 3215±1131 (895–5535) | 0.44 | |
Coronary angiogram | n=84 | n=10 | n=45 | n=29 | 0.40 |
13 (15.5%) | 2 (20%) | 5 (11.1%) | 6 (20.7%) | ||
37 (44.0%) | 6 (60%) | 18 (40%) | 13 (44.8%) | ||
34 (40.5%) | 2 (20%) | 22 (48.9%) | 10 (34.5%) | ||
Management | 84 (56.0%) | 10 (52.6%) | 51 (57.3%) | 23 (54.8%) | 0.13 |
51 (34%) | 8 (42.1%) | 25 (28.1%) | 18 (42.9%) | ||
15 (10%) | 1 (5.3%) | 13 (14.6%) | 1 (2.4%) | ||
Predicted in-hospital mortality risk (GRACE score) | 5.2%±8.6% | 3.1%±3.3% | 4.4%±7.1% | 7.7%±12.0% | 0.06 |
Predicted 1-year mortality risk (GRACE score) | 15.2±14.7 | 11%±7% | 14%±12% | 20±20 | 0.01 |
Operative mortality risk (EuroScore II) | 5.0%±4.8% | 3.9%±4.0% | 4.0%±3.7% | 7.4%±6.4% | <0.01 |
SF-12 PCS score | 37.1±10.7 | 43.5±7.6 | 38.8±11.3 | 30.5±7.1 | 0.005 |
SF-12 MCS score | 51.7±11.3 | 57.1±6.4 | 52.7±10.7 | 47.4±12.8 | 0.003 |
Data presented as mean±SD or n (%).
CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; CKD, chronic kidney disease; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; h/o, history of; LV, left ventricle; SF-12 MCS, Short form-12 mental composite score; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; ; SF-12 PCS, Short form-12 physical composite score.