Table 2

Characteristics intervention group

	Patient 1	Patient 2	Patient 3	Patient 4	Patient 5
Type intervention	SurPVI	Maze	Maze	SurPVI	SurPVI+right-sided maze
ASD type	Primum	Sinus venosus	Secundum	Secundum	Secundum
Concurrent surgical procedure	Valve surgery	Closure ASD	Closure ASD	Closure ASD	Closure ASD
Gender	Female	Female	Female	Female	Male
Hypertension	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Diabetes mellitus	No	No	No	No	No
Obstructive sleep apnoea	No	No	Yes	No	Yes
Left atrial dilatation	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Cardiac reoperation	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
Closure	Surgical	Surgical	Surgical	Surgical	Surgical
Age closure, years	5	66	69	52	35
Age new-onset AF, years	38	61	68	48	34
Duration FU after new-onset AF, years	3.3	2.3	7.4	5	5.9
Pacemaker	No	No	Yes	No	No
Age implantation, years			72
Indication			Symptomatic bradycardia
AF treatment
AAD use	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes
Before and/or after intervention	Before and after	After	None	Before and After	After
Recurrence after intervention	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Total no	2	1	1	0	1
Time until first recurrence (months)	20	<1	1.5 years		<1
No of recurrences 3 months after intervention	2	0			0
Rhythm at last FU	SR (after ECV)	SR	Permanent AF	SR	SR
AAD at end FU	None	Sotalol		Metoprolol	None
Death	No	No	Yes	No	No
Age, years			76

AAD, antiarrhythmic drugs; AF, atrial fibrillation;ASD, atrial septal defect; ECV, electrical cardioversion; FU, follow-up; SR, sinusrhythm;
SurPVI, surgical pulmonary vein isolation.