Baseline characteristics by incident event status
| MPP | MDCS | |||||
| Full population (n=32 625) | AF without HF (n=3277) | AF with HF* (n=1153) | Full population (n=27 695) | AF without HF (n=3167) | AF with HF* (n=890) | |
| Age, years | 45.5 (7.4) | 47.4 (6.3) | 48.6 (5.9) | 58.1 (7.6) | 61.5 (7.1) | 63.6 (6.3) |
| Follow-up time, years | 29.8 (23.5–33.8) | 26.2 (20.7–30.6) | 23.4 (17.0–28.4) | 19.8 (18.0–21.4) | 19.9 (18.0–21.6) | 14.8 (10.1–18.2) |
| Time to AF diagnosis, years | 25.8 (20.2–30.2) | 26.2 (20.7–30.6) | 24.5 (18.7–29.3) | 14.1 (9.7–14.5) | 14.3 (10.0–17.8) | 12.8 (8.4–16.6) |
| Age at AF diagnosis, years | 73.4 (66.8–78.5) | 73.5 (66.8–78.6) | 73.2 (66.8–78.3) | 75.8 (69.9–81.2) | 75.5 (69.5–81.1) | 76.4 (71.0–81.3) |
| Survival after AF, years | 4.2 (1.4–8.6) | 4.2 (1.3–8.6) | 4.6 (1.5–8.6) | 4.2 (1.6–8.1) | 4.1 (1.5–8.1) | 4.6 (1.7–8.3) |
| Female sex, % | 31.4 | 28.0 | 23.2 | 60.9 | 50.5 | 44.2 |
| Height, cm | 173 (9) | 175 (9) | 174 (8) | 169 (9) | 170 (9) | 171 (9) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.6 (3.6) | 25.1 (3.8) | 26.3 (4.2) | 25.7 (4.0) | 26.6 (4.1) | 27.5 (4.4) |
| BMI >25 kg/m2, % | 39.5 | 46.0 | 58.4 | 52.7 | 61.6 | 69.3 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 126 (16) | 129 (16) | 133 (17) | 141 (20) | 147 (20) | 152 (20) |
| SBP >140 mm Hg, % | 12.5 | 15.5 | 24.8 | 43.0 | 55.5 | 66.6 |
| FBG, mmol/L† | 4.9 (0.7) | 4.9 (0.7) | 4.9 (0.8) | 4.9 (0.7) | 5.0 (0.8) | 5.1 (0.9) |
| Current smoking status, % | 45.4 | 42.4 | 49.0 | 28.3 | 22.8 | 27.5 |
| Sedentary lifestyle, % | 55.2 | 52.2 | 53.7 | 25.0 | 24.3 | 27.6 |
| Alcohol risk use, % | 27.0 | 26.8 | 29.6 | |||
| Alcohol, g/day† | 7.2 (13.7) | 7.6 (14.2) | 7.5 (14.2) | |||
| Prevalent diabetes | 3.4 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 10.2 |
| Prevalent coronary event | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 8.0 |
Values are mean (SD) or median (IQR), unless stated otherwise. Follow-up time in MPP and MDCS was 27.6 (8.4) and 17.7 (5.3) years, respectively.
*Includes subjects with HF before AF.
†Presented as median and IQR.
.AF, atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HF, heart failure; MDCS, Malmö Diet and Cancer Study; MPP, Malmö Preventive Project; SBP, systolic blood pressure.