Characteristics per systolic dysfunction
| No systolic dysfunction (n=259) | Systolic dysfunction (n=23) | P value | |
| Age (years) | 52.8 (10.8) | 63.4 (14.8) | 0.0010 |
| Age category | |||
| <50 years | 116 (44.8%) | 5 (21.7%) | |
| ≥50 years | 143 (55.2%) | 18 (78.3%) | 0.033 |
| Sex | |||
| Men | 147 (56.8%) | 10 (43.5%) | |
| Women | 112 (43.2%) | 13 (56.5%) | 0.31 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 35.3 (13.1) | 46.5 (14.0) | 0.0010 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 (3.9) | 25.8 (3.0) | 0.57 |
| HbA1c | 61.7 (12.3) | 64.5 (10.6) | 0.21 |
| Smoking | |||
| Smoker | 31 (12.1%) | 4 (17.4%) | |
| Previous smoker | 73 (28.5%) | 12 (52.2%) | |
| Never smoked | 152 (59.4%) | 7 (30.4%) | 0.026 |
| Missing | 3 | 0 | |
| eGFR (CKD-EPI) (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 92.6 (15.8) | 83.4 (14.3) | 0.0010 |
| Albuminuria | |||
| Normal | 210 (82.0%) | 16 (69.6%) | |
| Microalbuminuria | 39 (15.2%) | 6 (26.1%) | |
| Macroalbuminuria | 7 (2.7%) | 1 (4.3%) | 0.18 |
| Missing | 3 | 0 | |
| LVEF category | |||
| <40% | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
| 40% to <45% | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (10.0%) | |
| 45% to <50% | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (35.0%) | |
| ≥50% | 259 (100.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Missing | 0 | 3 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 130.7 (14.6) | 129.7 (15.8) | 0.98 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 72.7 (9.4) | 69.6 (11.6) | 0.065 |
| Myocardial infarction | |||
| Yes | 6 (2.3%) | 6 (26.1%) | |
| No | 251 (97.3%) | 17 (73.9%) | |
| Uncertain | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Missing | 1 | 0 |
For categorical variables n (%) is presented.
For continuous variables mean (SD) is presented.
For comparison between groups, Fisher’s exact test (lowest 1-sided p value multiplied by 2) was used for dichotomous variables, Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test was used for ordered categorical variables, χ2 test was used for non-ordered categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U test was used for continuous variables.
BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.