Procedural characteristics, complications and outcomes
| Procedural characteristics | Control group n (%) (n=70) | Procedural-refinement group n (%) (n=89) | P value |
| Femoral approach | <0.001 | ||
| Surgical | 68 (97.1) | 0 (0) | |
| Percutaneous | 2 (2.9) | 89 (100) | |
| Femoral closure | <0.001 | ||
| Surgical | 68 (97.1) | 3 (3.4) | |
| Device | 2 (2.9) | 86 (96.6) | |
| Valve type | <0.001 | ||
| Sapien XT | 37 (52.9) | 1 (1.1) | |
| Sapien 3 | 33 (47.1) | 88 (98.9) | |
| Complications and outcomes | |||
| Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) | 0* (0) | 0 (0) | n.a. |
| Stroke | 2* (2.9) | 0 (0) | 0.189 |
| Tamponade | 1* (1.4) | 3 (3.4) | 0.632 |
| Pacemaker implantation post-TAVI | 1* (1.4) | 7 (7.9) | 0.139 |
| Major access site vascular complication | 2 (2.9) | 4 (4.5) | 0.695 |
| Conversion to open surgery | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.1) | 1.000 |
| Post-TAVI aortic regurgitation | 0.189 | ||
| None/mild | 67* (97.1) | 89 (100) | |
| Moderate/severe | 2* (2.9) | 0 (0) | |
| Death within 30 days | 2 (2.9) | 0 (0) | 0.192 |
| Death within 1 year | 9 (12.9) | 7 (7.9) | 0.299 |
*n=1 missing (n=69).
n.a., not applicable; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation.