EF ≤35% at 3 months N=32 | EF >35% at 3 months N=48 | P value | |
Baseline characteristics | |||
Male gender, n (%) | 27 (84) | 38 (79) | 0.559 |
Age, years, mean ± SD | 69±9.7 | 67±10.6 | 0.491 |
Hypertension | 17 (53) | 22 (46) | 0.523 |
Heart failure | 8 (25) | 4 (8) | 0.056 |
Atrial fibrillation | 6 (19) | 6 (13) | 0.443 |
Diabetes | 5 (16) | 8 (17) | 1.000 |
Chronic kidney failure | 2 (6) | 3 (6) | 1.000 |
Previous AMI | 8 (25) | 3 (6) | 0.023 |
Previous revascularisation | 4 (13) | 4 (8) | 0.707 |
Admitted for STEMI | 18 (56) | 30 (63) | 0.576 |
Three-vessel disease | 10 (31) | 9 (19) | 0.198 |
LAD stenosis | 26 (81) | 37 (77) | 0.655 |
PCI | 25 (78) | 47 (98) | 0.004 |
CABG | 3 (9) | 2 (4) | 0.381 |
Echo parameters | |||
EF baseline, %, median [IQR] | 28 [24–32] | 35 [33–39] | <0.001 |
MAPSE, baseline, mm, mean±SD | 6±1 | 8±2 | 0.003 |
PSV, baseline, cm/s, mean±SD | 3.4±0.8 | 4.1±1.0 | 0.002 |
Stress EF, mean±SD | 33±10 | 44±10 | <0.001 |
Stress MAPSE, mean±SD | 7±1 | 9±2 | 0.005 |
Stress PSV, mean±SD | 4.6±1.1 | 5.4±1.8 | 0.042 |
EF increase ≥5 percentage units | 16 (50) | 37 (77) | 0.012 |
EF absolute difference*, mm, mean±SD | 5±8 | 9±7 | 0.021 |
MAPSE absolute difference*, mean±SD | 1±1 | 1±1 | 0.401 |
PSV absolute difference*, mean±SD | 1.3±0.9 | 1.4±1.1 | 0.556 |
EF relative difference*, median [IQR] | 17 [−7 to 43] | 25 [15–36] | 0.622 |
MAPSE relative difference*, mean±SD | 18±20 | 18±20 | 0.876 |
PSV relative difference*, mean±SD | 40±32 | 35±25 | 0.408 |
All values are presented as number (percentage) if not otherwise stated.
*Difference refers to the difference between resting values and values measured during stress echocardiography.
AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; EF, ejection fraction; IQR, interquartile range; LAD, left anterior descending artery; MAPSE, mitral annular plane systolic excursion; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PSV, peak systolic velocity; SD, standard deviation; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.