Echocardiography
| Total small ASD (n=151) | No tachyarrhythmia (n=118) | Supraventricular tachycardia (n=24) | P value | Ventricular tachycardia (n=12) | P value | |
| Open ASD, n (%) | 30 (20) | 23 (19) | 4 (16) | 1.000 | 3 (23) | 1.000 |
| Indication for defect closure (dilatation of right heart chambers), n (%) | 10 (6.6) | 6 (5) | 3 (13) | 0.178 | 1 (8) | 0.501 |
| Septal aneurisms, n (%) | 18 (12) | 15 (13) | 2 (8) | 1.000 | 1 (8) | 1.000 |
| Ejection fraction (%) | 62.4±3.9 | 62.3±3.3 | 63.1±6.2 | 1.000 | 62.8±3.3 | 1.000 |
| LV area (cm2) | 31.3±5.9 | 31.4±6.4 | 31.4±3.2 | 0.978 | 30.3±5.8 | 0.559 |
| LA area (cm2) | 16.4±4.1 | 16.1±4.0 | 17.7±4.8 | 0.100 | 15.9±3.5 | 0.853 |
| RV area (cm2) | 15.8±6.1 | 15.5±5.3 | 17.0±9.5 | 0.320 | 15.3±5.4 | 0.850 |
| RA area (cm2) | 12.5±3.3 | 12.3±3.3 | 13.3±3.2 | 0.196 | 12.9±3.5 | 0.601 |
| RV/LV diastolic area, ratio | 0.7±0.09 | 0.68±0.08 | 0.72±0.07 | 0.038 | 0.75±0.12 | 0.005 |
| TR (mm Hg) | 16±5.2 | 15.8±5.3 | 18.7±4.5 | 0.070 | 15.8±6.1 | 0.977 |
| RV fractional area change (%) | 51.9±8.6 | 51.4±9.3 | 53.2±4.8 | 0.372 | 52.8±7.5 | 0.690 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 24.5±3.8 | 24.2±3.9 | 25.8±2.5 | 0.078 | 24.6±4.8 | 0.801 |
| TR (mm Hg) | 16±5.3 | 15.8±5.3 | 18.7±4.5 | 0.079 | 15.8±6.1 | 0.978 |
| VCI diameter expiration/inspiration (ratio) | 3.5±1.6 | 3.4±1.5 | 3.4±1.2 | 0.985 | 3.9±2.4 | 0.290 |
ASD, atrial septal defects; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; VCI, vena cava inferior.