Heritability estimates as estimated using structural equations modeling (SEM)
| Monozygotic twin pairs | Control pairs | SEM (ACE model) | ||||||
| N | N | h2 (95% CI) | C (95% CI) | Best model | CE worse (p value) | AE worse (p value) | ||
| DCM | LVEF | 8 | 11 | 4.9% (0.0% to 84.5%) | 66.9% (0.0% to 86.6%) | CE | – | 0.09 |
| LVEDD | 7 | 15 | 52.8% (0.0% to 91.2%) | 24.6% (0.0% to 76.6%) | AE | 0.23 | – | |
| HCM | IVSd | 11 | 14 | 0.0% (0.0% to 43.6%) | 65.6% (20.1% to 83.4%)* | CE | – | 0.02* |
| LQTS | QTc | 25 | 30 | 57.5% (5.5% to 87.5%)* | 23.7% (0.0% to 64.9%) | AE | 0.03* | – |
*Significant at the p<0.05 level or within the 95% CI.
ACE, additive genetic effects, common and unique environmental effects; AE, additive genetic effects and unique environmental effects; CE, common and unique environmental effects; DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy; HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; IVSd, diastolic interventricular septum thickness; LQTS, long QT syndrome; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; QTc, corrected QT interval.