Table 3

Predictors of cardiovascular death

HRUnivariateMultivariate
95% CIP valueHR95% CIP value
Age (per 1-year increase)1.010.92 to 1.100.880
Male0.660.22 to 2.030.471   
NYHA class 3 or 40.090.87 to 7.000.091   
DM1.330.51 to 3.500.560   
Dyslipidaemia0.670.25 to 1.810.429   
Hypertension1.340.38 to 4.650.650   
CKD7.561.00 to 57.10.050   
Atrial fibrillation1.210.45 to 3.280.706   
PAD2.580.95 to 6.970.062   
COPD0.700.41 to 3.840.698   
BNP, pg/mL (per 100 pg/mL increase)1.000.92 to 1.090.968   
STS score (per 1 U increase)1.041.00 to 1.070.030   
Transapical approach1.130.37 to 3.470.832   
TTE (pre-TAVI)      
LAD, mm (per 1 mm increase)1.030.97 to 1.090.375   
AVA, cm2 (per 0.1 cm2 decrease)1.060.76 to 1.470.725   
MG, mm Hg (per 10 mm Hg decrease)0.560.28 to 1.150.117   
SVi, mL/m2 (per 10 mL/m2 decrease)1.420.91 to 2.230.123   
LVEF, % (per 10% decrease)1.060.76 to 1.480.720   
Moderate-severe AR0.040.00 to 63.790.399   
Moderate-severe MR2.170.62 to 7.560.226   
TTE (post-TAVI)      
EOA, cm2 (per 0.1 cm2 decrease)0.920.81 to 1.050.223   
MG, mm Hg (per 10 mm Hg decrease)0.640.15 to 2.670.536   
SVi, mL/m2 (per 10 mL/m2 decrease)1.981.31 to 2.990.0012.001.28 to 3.120.002
LVEF, % (per 10% decrease)1.240.87 to 1.760.230   
Moderate-severe PVL0.050.00 to 6.56×1060.752   
Moderate-severe MR1.610.37 to 7.060.527   

  • AR, aortic regurgitation; AVA, aortic valve area; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; EOA, effective orifice area; LAD, left atrial diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MG, mean pressure gradient; MR, mitral regurgitation; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PAD, peripheral artery disease; PVL, paravalvular leakage; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons' risk model; SVi, stroke volume index; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation; TTE, transthoracic echocardiography.