Table 3

Univariable predictors of female first authorship on stepwise logistic regression analysis

Parameter	OR	95% CI	P value
GDP in 10 000 US$/capita (2010)	1.0638	1.0491 to 1.0787	<0.0001
Number of physicians per 1000 inhabitants (2010)	1.0973	1.0702 to 1.1252	<0.0001
Human development index (2010)	3.4497	2.5881 to 4.5981	<0.0001
Gender inequality index (2010)	0.4555	0.3784 to 0.5484	<0.0001
Senior author female	3.0659	2.8990 to 3.2425	<0.0001
By Subregion
Australia and New Zealand	0.9484	0.7959 to 1.1302	ns
Caribbean	1.1786	0.5435 to 2.5557	ns
Central America	0.9562	0.7101 to 1.2876	ns
Eastern Africa	0.594	0.2567 to 1.3746	ns
Eastern Asia	0.555	0.5113 to 0.6024	<0.0001
Eastern Europe	1.3911	1.2113 to 1.5976	<0.0001
Middle Africa	0.4243	0.0496 to 3.6331	ns
Northern Africa	1.9447	1.3894 to 2.7219	0.0001
Northern Europe	1.2648	1.1589 to 1.3803	<0.0001
South America	1.3356	1.1485 to 1.5532	0.0002
South-Eastern Asia	1.1517	0.8688 to 1.5267	ns
Southern Africa	0.5304	0.1989 to 1.4142	ns
Southern Asia	0.4798	0.4145 to 0.5553	<0.0001
Southern Europe	0.9622	0.8819 to 1.0498	ns
Western Africa	0.2121	0.0647 to 0.6956	0.0105
Western Asia	0.5737	0.5127 to 0.6420	<0.0001
Western Europe	1.0564	0.9817 to 1.1369	ns
(Reference category North America)