Impact of the change in resting heart rate 1993 to 2003 on outcome
| All-cause death | Cardiovascular disease | Coronary heart disease | |||||||
| No events (%) ER (*1000 py) | HR (95% CI) P value | No events(%) ER (*1000 py) | HR (95% CI) P value | No events(%) ER (*1000 py) | HR (95% CI) P value | ||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||||
| Increased RHR (n=111) | 12 (10.8) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 38 (34.2) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 19 (17.1) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| 5.1 | 16.3 | 8.2 | |||||||
| Unchanged RHR (n=205) | 15 (7.3) 3.4 | 0.65 (0.30 to 1.39) 0.265 | 0.71 (0.32 to 1.61) 0.417 | 44 (21.4) 10.2 | 0.54 (0.35 to 0.83) 0.005 | 0.56 (0.35 to 0.87) 0.011 | 20 (9.7) 4.6 | 0.53 (0.28 to 0.99) 0.047 | 0.64 (0.32 to 1.25) 0.636 |
| Decreased RHR (n=338) | 28 (8.3) 3.9 | 0.75 (0.38 to 1.47) 0.394 | 0.76 (0.37 to 1.59) 0.467 | 111 (32.9) 15.6 | 0.93 (0.65 to 1.35) 0.710 | 0.91 (0.61 to 1.34) 0.622 | 55 (16.3) 7.8 | 0.95 (0.57 to 1.60) 0.952 | 1.08 (0.60 to 1.92) 0.808 |
Adjusted for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, mental stress, NT-pro-BNP and eGFR.
ER, event rate (1000 per year); NT pro BNP, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; py, person years;; RHR, resting heart rate.