Distribution of BCTs among studies of effective and ineffective interventions (n=39)
| BCT number | BCT label | Frequency | Effective studies in which this BCT is present, n (out of 20) | Ineffective studies in which this BCT is present, n (out of 19) |
| 1.1 | Goal-setting (behaviour) | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1.2 | Problem-solving | 6 | 3 | 3 |
| 1.4 | Action planning | 27 | 14 | 13 |
| 3.1 | Social support (unspecified) | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 3.2 | Social support (practical) | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| 4.1 | Instruction on how to perform the behaviour | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| 4.2 | Information about antecedents | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5.1 | Information about health consequences | 16 | 8 | 8 |
| 5.2 | Salience of consequences | 4 | 1 | 3 |
| 6.1 | Demonstration of the behaviour | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 7.1 | Prompts and cues | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| 8.1 | Behavioural practice/rehearsal | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| 8.2 | Behaviour substitution | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 9.1 | Credible source | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| 11.2 | Reduce negative emotions | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 12.5 | Adding objects to the environment | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| 13.1 | Identification of self as a role model | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 13.2 | Framing/Reframing | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 15.1 | Verbal persuasion about capability | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Additional techniques | ||||
| AT1 | Provision of factual information (eg, on signs and symptoms) | 36 | 18 | 18 |
| AT2 | Instruction on behaviour (what to do) | 32 | 17 | 15 |
| AT3 | Instruction on intermediate behaviour | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| AT4 | Information about health consequences of intermediate behaviour | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| AT5 | Reflecting on past experiences | 1 | 1 | 0 |
BCTs, behaviour change techniques.