Baseline patient characteristics, by microvascular function
| Variable | Normal microvascular endothelial function (n=199) | Microvascular endothelial dysfunction (n=258) | P value |
| Age, years | 51.9±12.3 | 54.4±11.6 | 0.03 |
| Men, n (%) | 66 (33) | 78 (30) | 0.50 |
| Vascular disease, n (%) | 16 (8) | 22 (9) | 5 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 76 (38) | 109 (43) | 0.34 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 15 (8) | 24 (9) | 0.50 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 116 (59) | 148 (58) | 0.78 |
| Depression, n (%) | 60 (31) | 61 (24) | 0.13 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.03 | ||
| Never smoked | 98 (49) | 150 (58) | |
| Former smoker | 77 (39) | 93 (36) | |
| Current smoker | 23 (12) | 15 (6) | |
| Height, cm | 168.6±10.0 | 167.6±9.2 | 0.29 |
| Weight, kg | 79.8±19.1 | 80.6±20.3 | 0.68 |
| Body mass index | 28.0±6.1 | 28.5±6.3 | 0.38 |
| Haemoglobin, g/L | 135±13 | 135±13 | 0.60 |
| Glucose, mg/dL, median (Q1, Q3) | 95.0 (88.0, 105.0) | 96.0 (89.0, 104.0) | 0.49 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL, median (Q1, Q3) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.1) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.1) | 0.58 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 194.5±47.1 | 191.4±43.4 | 0.49 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 111.2±39.4 | 110.1±38.1 | 0.77 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 54.4±16.8 | 54.4±16.1 | 1.00 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL, median (Q1, Q3) | 121.0 (85.0, 176.5) | 113.5 (81.0, 171.0) | 0.32 |
| hsCRP, mg/L, median (Q1, Q3) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.6) | 0.6 (0.2, 1.9) | 0.65 |
HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C reactive protein.