Covariates of rapid early rise in heart rate in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses
| Total study population (n=306) | Patients without revealed symptoms during ETT1 (n=219) | |||||||
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age, year | 1.05 (1.02 to 1.08) | <0.001 | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.12) | 0.002 | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.089 | 0.024 | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.06) | 0.817 |
| Female sex | 1.84 (1.08 to 3.13) | 0.025 | 2.43 (1.08 to 5.46) | 0.010 | 4.03 (1.73 to 9.25) | 0.001 | 6.88 (1.42 to 33.22) | 0.016 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.18) | 0.002 | – | – | 1.11 (1.01 to 1.23) | 0.037 | – | – |
| Obesity | 3.89 (2.07 to 7.28) | <0.001 | 4.96 (2.13 to 11.57) | <0.001 | 3.73 (1.40 to 9.96) | 0.009 | 1.32 (0.27 to 6.49) | 0.732 |
| Hypertension | 2.05 (1.07 to 3.90) | 0.029 | 1.04 (0.40 to 2.72) | 0.935 | 2.64 (0.88 to 7.94) | 0.085 | – | – |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.78 (0.97 to 3.25) | 0.063 | – | – | 3.63 (1.11 to 11.87) | 0.033 | 8.60 (1.33 to 55.51) | 0.024 |
| EOA, cm2 | 0.46 (0.13 to 1.56) | 0.213 | – | – | 2.28 (0.39 to 13.36) | 0.362 | – | – |
| Lower LV FS, % | 1.06 (1.00 to 1.11) | 0.036 | – | – | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.14) | 0.037 | – | – |
| Lower LV EF, % | 1.05 (1.01 to 1.10) | 0.013 | 1.09 (1.02 to 1.16) | 0.018 | 1.07 (1.01 to 1.13) | 0.032 | 1.12 (1.01 to 1.24) | 0.043 |
| Lower Doppler SV, mL | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.02) | 0.453 | – | – | 1.03 (1.00 to 1.06) | 0.054 | – | – |
| LV mass index, g/m2.7 | 0.99 (0.98 to 1.02) | 0.330 | – | – | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.03) | 0.902 | – | – |
| Zva, mm Hg/mL/m2 | 1.32 (1.02 to 1.70) | 0.038 | 1.14 (0.86 to 1.51) | 0.374 | 1.26 (0.83 to 1.92) | 0.286 | – | – |
BMI, body mass index; EF, ejection fraction; EOA, effective orifice area; FS, fractional shortening; LV, left ventricular; METs, metabolic equivalents; SV, stroke volume; Zva, valvuloarterial impedance.