Baseline characteristics of study patients and overnight change in exhaled H2 (ΔH2)
| Decrease H2 | Increase H2 | P values | |
| (ΔH2<0 ppm) | (ΔH2≥0 ppm) | ||
| (n=78) | (n=30) | ||
| Male (%) | 45 (58) | 12 (40) | 0.101 |
| Age | 67±14 | 63±16 | 0.198 |
| General examination | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.6±3.1 | 17.3±2.5 | 0.701 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 69±10 | 71±14 | 0.337 |
| Resting systolic BP (mm Hg) | 112±17 | 112±15 | 0.910 |
| Resting diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 64±13 | 63±10 | 0.570 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| Alb (g/dL) | 4.2±0.4 | 4.3±0.3 | 0.203 |
| UA (mg/dL) | 6.1±1.8 | 5.8±1.6 | 0.547 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 66.1 (53.1–72.6) | 64.6 (56.7–77.6) | 0.914 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 140.7±3.7 | 140.8±2.7 | 0.900 |
| T-bil (mg/dL) | 0.8±0.4 | 0.9±0.6 | 0.181 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.24±0.52 | 0.09±0.11 | 0.120 |
| hsTnT (ng/mL) | 0.014 (0.008–0.022) | 0.007 (0.004–0.018) | 0.284 |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 148 (74–301) | 186 (100–275) | 0.601 |
| Echocardiogram | |||
| LV ejection fraction (%) | 48±15 | 49±18 | 0.765 |
| LA volume index (mL/m2) | 62 (39–88) | 64 (49–83) | 0.367 |
| E/e′ ratio | 13.6±6.0 | 15.0±6.9 | 0.342 |
| TRPG (mm Hg) | 30.1±10.3 | 25.6±8.9 | 0.059 |
| Haemodynamic data | |||
| Mean PCWP (mm Hg) | 11.3±5.8 | 11.8±6.6 | 0.717 |
| Mean PAP (mm Hg) | 19.0±6.1 | 18.9±7.3 | 0.932 |
| Mean RAP (mm Hg) | 4.0±2.3 | 5.2±4.1 | 0.077 |
| CI (L/min/m2) | 2.85±0.6 | 3.24±0.7 | 0.005 |
| SvO2 (%) | 68.7±6.2 | 68.6±4.8 | 0.962 |
Values are means±SD, median (IQR), or n (%).
Alb, albumin; BMI, body mass index; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; CI, cardiac index; CRP, C-reactive protein; E/e', ratio of early transmitral velocity to tissue Doppler mitral annular velocity during early diastole; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; hsTnT, high-sensitivity troponin T; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; PAP, pulmonary artery pressure; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; RAP, right atrial pressure; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; T-bil, total bilirubin; TRPG, tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient; UA, uric acid.