Preoperative baseline and postoperative echocardiographic RV measurements in the two surgical groups
| Variables | Pre aortic valve surgery | Post aortic valve surgery | P values | |||
| AVR | MIAVR | AVR | MIAVR | Between the groups (preoperative)† | Between the groups (postoperative)† | |
| RV longitudinal strain (%) | −27.4±2.9 | −26.5±5.3 | −18.8±4.7*** | −20.7±4.5** | 0.56 | 0.25 |
| RV strain rate (1/s) | −1.7±0.3 | −1.5±0.5 | −1.4±0.3** | −1.5±0.4 | 0.32 | 0.53 |
| RVS (cm/s) | 9.3±2.1 | 10.1±2.9 | 5.9±1.5** | 8.2±1.4** | 0.39 | <0.001 |
| RVE′ (cm/s) | 8.4±2.9 | 7.1±2.1 | 4.7±2.9** | 4.7±2*** | 0.14 | 0.99 |
| RVA′ (cm/s) | 12.2±3.5 | 12.2±2.9 | 4.9±1.9** | 9±3.2*** | 0.97 | <0.001 |
| RV E′/A′ | 0.84±0.6 | 0.59±0.2 | 1.1±0.9 | 0.55±0.3 | 0.16 | 0.04 |
| RV stroke volume (mL) | 62.5±18.2 | 63.4±13.1 | 56.6±15.2 | 67.7±10.3 | 0.64 | 0.014 |
| RIMP | 0.75±0.2 | 0.68±0.2 | 1.0±0.4** | 0.89±0.2** | 0.26 | 0.25 |
| PEP (ms) | 123.0±62 | 104.2±29 | 136.4±29 | 129.4±41* | 0.25 | 0.69 |
| ET (ms) | 300.5±40 | 308.7±37 | 256.2±49* | 267.4±54* | 0.54 | 0.56 |
| POP (ms) | 100.8±27 | 103.7±25 | 116.2±30 | 100.3±35 | 0.74 | 0.19 |
| RVOT prox (mm) | 30.1±3.2 | 30.2±3.9 | 29.2±3.9 | 29.2±4.2 | 0.84 | 0.79 |
| RVD1 (mm) | 31.1±4.0 | 32.1±4.4 | 32.3±4.7* | 33.5±3.4* | 0.75 | 0.39 |
| RA volume (mL) | 40.3±16.7 | 42.6±16.1 | 45.3±20.8* | 45.1±14.7* | 0.16 | 0.40 |
| TR vmax (m/s) | 2.7±0.4 | 2.5±0.87 | 1.9±1.1* | 1.7±1.1 | 0.54 | 0.67 |
| SPAP (mm Hg) | 37.5±9.1 | 31.7±13.7 | 27.9±6.7* | 22.8±13.6 | 0.76 | 0.62 |
| HR (min¯¹) | 69.6±12.3 | 63.4±9.1 | 72.5±13.7* | 71.2±9.2* | 0.22 | 0.75 |
Paired t test versus baseline.
*P<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
†Independent samples t-test to compare degree of changes seen following AVR with that seen following MIAVR.
RV, right ventricular: A′, late diastolic myocardial velocity; AVR, aortic valve replacement surgery; E′, early diastolic myocardial velocity; ET, ejection time; HR, heart rate; MIAVR, minimally invasive aortic valve replacement surgery; PEP, pre-ejection period; POP, post-ejection period; RA, right atrial; RIMP, right ventricular index of myocardial performance; RVD1, RV basal linear dimension; RVOT prox, proximal RV outflow diameter; S, peak systolic myocardial velocity; SPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.