Baseline clinical and Doppler echocardiographic data at the time of initial surgical aortic valve replacement according to the presence or absence of suboptimal aortic valve haemodynamics after ViV
| Whole cohort n=79 | Valve haemodynamics after ViV | P values | ||
| Adequate: MG <20 mm Hg and AR ≤mild n=31 (39.2%) | Suboptimal: MG ≥20 mm Hg and/or AR ≥moderate n=48 (60.8%) | |||
| Age, years | 74.5±11.0 | 73.6±12.6 | 75.0±9.9 | 0.587 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.87±0.24 | 1.79±0.25 | 1.92±0.22 | 0.027 |
| Males, n (%) | 52 (65.8) | 18 (58.1) | 34 (70.8) | 0.243 |
| EuroSCORE, % | 10.2±2.7 | 10.4±2.7 | 10.1±2.7 | 0.721 |
| LVEF, % | 61.5±9.9 | 59.5±13.1 | 62.7±7.2 | 0.237 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 69.3±14.0 | 67.4±12.0 | 70.6±15.3 | 0.392 |
| Surgical BP type, n (%) | 0.141 | |||
| Stented porcine | 19 (24.1) | 8 (25.8) | 11 (22.9) | |
| Stented pericardial | 38 (48.1) | 11 (35.5) | 27 (56.3) | |
| Stentless | 22 (27.8) | 12 (38.7) | 10 (20.8) | |
| Surgical BP model, n (%) | 0.059 | |||
| Mitroflow | 17 (21.5) | 6 (19.4) | 11 (22.9) | |
| Mosaic | 15 (18.9) | 7 (22.6) | 8 (16.7) | |
| Homograft | 13 (16.5) | 5 (16.1) | 8 (16.7) | |
| Magna | 9 (11.4) | 1 (3.2) | 8 (16.7) | |
| Freestyle | 8 (10.1) | 6 (19.4) | 2 (4.2) | |
| Magna Ease | 6 (7.6) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (12.5) | |
| Perimount | 5 (6.3) | 3 (9.7) | 2 (4.2) | |
| Intact | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.2) | |
| Hancock | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) | |
| Solo | 1 (1.3) | 1 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Trifecta | 1 (1.3) | 1 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Epic Supra | 1 (1.3) | 1 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Surgical BP size (≤21 mm), n (%) | 26 (32.9) | 8 (25.8) | 18 (37.5) | 0.280 |
| Internal orifice diameter*, mm | 20.3±2.4 | 20.8±2.2 | 20.0±2.5 | 0.131 |
| MG, mm Hg | 14.1±6.0 | 11.0±5.4 | 16.3±5.6 | 0.0007 |
| EOA, cm2 | 1.59±0.47 | 1.70±0.47 | 1.52±0.45 | 0.087 |
| EOAi, cm2/m2 | 0.86±0.26 | 0.96±0.27 | 0.80±0.23 | 0.006 |
| Doppler velocity index | 0.38±0.09 | 0.40±0.11 | 0.37±0.08 | 0.428 |
| Pre-existing PPM, n (%) | 0.032 | |||
| None | 32 (40.5) | 18 (58.1) | 14 (29.2) | |
| Moderate | 29 (36.7) | 9 (29.0) | 20 (41.7) | |
| Severe | 18 (22.8) | 4 (12.9) | 14 (29.2) | |
| AR | 0.450 | |||
| None | 25 (48.1) | 8 (40.0) | 17 (53.1) | |
| Trace | 23 (44.2) | 11 (55.0) | 12 (37.5) | |
| Mild | 4 (7.7) | 1 (5.0) | 3 (9.4) | |
*According to the Bapat’s ViV application.
AR, aortic regurgitation; BP, bioprosthesis; BSA, body surface area; EOA, effective orifice area; EOAi , indexed EOA; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MG, mean transvalvular pressure gradient; PPM, prosthesis–patient mismatch; ViV, valve-in-valve implantation.