Patient preoperative and postoperative characteristics
| Variable | All-SAVR n=336 | AS (SAVR) n=199 | AS+CABG (SAVR) n=75 | P value* | AR (SAVR) n=42 | P value* | AS (TAVI) n=126 | P value* | P value† |
| Preoperative data | |||||||||
| Age (years) | 70 (63–77) | 70 (65–76) | 75 (68–79) | 0.08 | 60 (46–68) | <0.001 | 82 (76–85) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Female gender | 138 (41%) | 100 (50%) | 27 (36%) | 0.10 | 3 (7%) | <0.001 | 66 (52%) | >0.99 | <0.001 |
| EuroSCORE II | 1.9 (1.2–3.5) | 1.6 (1.1–2.7) | 3.2 (1.8–5.6) | <0.001 | 1.6 (0.8–2.6) | >0.99 | 5.0 (3.0–7.6) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 50 (15%) | 27 (14%) | 19 (25%) | 0.06 | 3 (7%) | 0.76 | 24 (19%) | 0.56 | 0.03 |
| COPD | 19 (6%) | 9 (5%) | 4 (5%) | 3 (7%) | 15 (12%) | 0.08 | |||
| NYHA class III/IV | 178 (53%) | 107 (54%) | 48 (64%) | 0.38 | 11 (26%) | 0.003 | 117 (93%) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 50 (15%) | 22 (11%) | 16 (21%) | 0.08 | 6 (14%) | >0.99 | 53 (42%) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| P-cystatin C (mg/L) | 1.17 (1–1.35) | 1.15 (0.99–1.30) | 1.30 (1.10–1.43) | 0.01 | 1.07 (0.95–1.31) | 1.0 | 1.56 (1.26–1.90) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 4 (1%) | 3 (2%) | 1 (1%) | >0.99 | 0 (0%) | >0.99 | 34 (27%) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LVEF (<45%) | 41 (12%) | 16 (8%) | 10 (13%) | 0.55 | 11 (26%) | 0.002 | 21 (17%) | 0.05 | 0.02 |
| Elective | 326 (97%) | 197 (99%) | 69 (92%) | >0.99 | 41 (98%) | >0.99 | 124 (98%) | >0.99 | 0.03 |
| Dyspnoea/fatigue | 248 (74%) | 147 (74%) | 60 (80%) | 0.88 | 25 (60%) | 0.18 | 109 (87%) | 0.02 | 0.005 |
| AP/CHF/syncope | 149 (44%) | 87 (44%) | 41 (55%) | 0.32 | 11 (26%) | 0.11 | 75 (60%) | 0.02 | <0.001 |
| Waiting time (days) | 126 (89-170) | 130 (95-177) | 105 (54-159) | 130 (85-202) | 121 (49-232) | 0.05 | |||
| Postoperative outcome | |||||||||
| P-cystatin C (mg/L) | 1.34 (1.13–1.63) | 1.45 (1.25–1.87) | 0.08 | 1.09 (1.01–1.25) | 0.003 | 1.62 (1.34–1.95) | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
| AF at discharge | 30 (9%) | 20 (10%) | 4 (5%) | 2 (5%) | 14 (11%) | 0.38 | |||
| Stroke | 3 (1%) | 1 (0.5%) | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 3 (2%) | 0.49 | |||
| PMI | 13 (4%) | 4 (2%) | 6 (8%) | 1 (2%) | 5 (4%) | 0.12 | |||
| 30-day mortality | 3 (1%) | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (3%) | 0.37 | 0 (0%) | >0.99 | 9 (7%) | >0.99 | 0.003 |
| 1-year mortality | 11 (3%) | 4 (2%) | 6 (8%) | 0.06 | 1 (2%) | >0.99 | 16 (13%) | >0.99 | <0.001 |
Values are given as n (%) and median (25th to 75th percentile).
*Multiple comparisons of mean ranks for all groups P value (2-tailed), post hoc comparisons of mean ranks of all pairs of groups and χ2 2×2 with Bonferroni correction for dichotomous variables. P values after each variable display comparison with AS (SAVR) group.
†Kruskal-Wallis test for comparison of the subgroups for continuous data and χ2 test in large contingency table for dichotomous data.
AP, angina pectoris; AR, aortic regurgitation; AS, aortic stenosis; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; AF, atrial fibrillation; PMI, perioperative myocardial infarction; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve intervention.