Characteristics | HDL-C (mg/dL) | ||||||||
Overall | ≤30 | 31–40 | 41–50 | 51–60 | 61–70 | 71–80 | 81–90 | >90 | |
n=281 973 | n=10 025 | n=66 121 | n=96 645 | n=62 887 | n=28 838 | n=10 987 | n=4037 | n=2433 | |
Age, mean±SD (years) | 56.7±10.9 | 55.2±10.7 | 55.7±10.8 | 56.5±10.9 | 57.2±11.0 | 58.0±11.1 | 58.6±11.1 | 59.2±11.2 | 59.6±11.1 |
Income quintiles | |||||||||
1 (lowest) | 15.5% | 19.3% | 17.1% | 15.3% | 14.3% | 14.1% | 14.1% | 14.9% | 16.3% |
2 | 19.7% | 21.5% | 20.4% | 19.8% | 19.2% | 18.6% | 18.6% | 18.9% | 18.1% |
3 | 20.7% | 21.0% | 21.1% | 20.8% | 20.6% | 20.0% | 19.9% | 19.1% | 19.5% |
4 | 21.8% | 20.3% | 21.5% | 22.1% | 22.0% | 21.8% | 21.4% | 21.8% | 21.6% |
5 (highest) | 22.2% | 17.7% | 19.6% | 21.8% | 23.7% | 25.4% | 26.0% | 25.0% | 24.3% |
Comorbidities | |||||||||
Hypertension | 43.4% | 48.0% | 45.9% | 43.9% | 41.5% | 40.3% | 39.7% | 40.8% | 44.5% |
Diabetes | 22.1% | 36.5% | 27.9% | 22.5% | 18.1% | 15.6% | 14.4% | 14.9% | 14.8% |
Smoker | 16.4% | 24.4% | 20.8% | 16.8% | 12.6% | 13.5% | 10.9% | 15.0% | 12.4% |
COPD | 9.2% | 10.7% | 9.2% | 8.9% | 8.7% | 9.2% | 9.9% | 11.4% | 14.5% |
Heavy alcohol consumption* | 20.9% | 14.4% | 17.6% | 17.8% | 24.2% | 27.3% | 25.9% | 40.7% | 49.3% |
ADGs | 8.8±3.6 | 9.1±3.7 | 8.8±3.7 | 8.8±3.6 | 8.8±3.6 | 8.8±3.6 | 8.8±3.6 | 8.8±3.6 | 9.1±3.7 |
Lipid profile | |||||||||
HDL, mean±SD | 48.9±13.0 | 27.4±3.1 | 36.3±2.7 | 45.3±2.9 | 54.9±2.9 | 64.8±2.8 | 74.8±2.8 | 84.9±2.8 | 101.4±11.4 |
LDL, mean±SD | 118.0±36.5 | 93.4±36.9 | 112.5±36.3 | 120.9±36.2 | 122.9±35.9 | 120.9±35.6 | 117.3±33.9 | 113.5±34.7 | 106.6±33.8 |
Triglyceride, mean±SD | 146.5±95.4 | 261.1±167.0 | 192.3±112.5 | 147.3±81.4 | 117.6±62.9 | 99.6±51.6 | 88.0±42.7 | 79.9±39.3 | 75.5±40.3 |
Non-HDL, mean±SD | 147.2±41.0 | 143.8±43.7 | 150.7±42.1 | 150.4±41.2 | 146.4±39.9 | 140.7±38.8 | 134.9±36.1 | 129.5±36.5 | 121.5±35.7 |
Total cholesterol, mean±SD | 196.1±41.7 | 171.3±43.9 | 187.0±42.3 | 195.7±41.2 | 201.4±39.9 | 205.6±38.8 | 209.7±36.1 | 214.4±36.5 | 222.9±36.0 |
Lifestyle factors* | n=2101 | n=82 | n=496 | n=713 | n=457 | n=205 | n=89 | n=33 | n=26 |
Ideal BMI (<25 kg/m2) | 29.6% | 12.2% | 19.0% | 23.6% | 40.7% | 43.4% | 52.8% | 48.5% | 46.2% |
Moderate physical activity† | 51.2% | 39.0% | 45.8% | 51.5% | 54.0% | 52.2% | 62.9% | 69.7% | 61.5% |
Ideal fruit and vegetable consumption‡ | 27.8% | 24.4% | 27.4% | 26.9% | 28.4% | 26.8% | 37.1% | 36.4% | 26.9% |
*Heavy alcohol consumption defined as ≥5 drinks on 12 or more occasions per year.
†Moderate physical activity defined as ≥30 min walking/day.
‡Ideal fruit and vegetable consumption defined as ≥5 servings/day.
ADG, Aggregated Diagnosis Group; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.