Global clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of studies with patients with HFpEF and control subjects
| Patients with HFpEF (n=2284) | Asymptomatic patients (n=1647) | Healthy subjects (n=655) | |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Age, years | 68.5 (51–78) | 64.7 (47–78) | 55 (36.5–70) |
| Women | 55.2% (30%–77%) | 50.9% (32.4%–77%) | 58.7% (40%–70.5%) |
| Arterial hypertension | 82% (40%–100%) | 70.3% (8%–100%) | 0% |
| Diabetes mellitus | 33.4% (5%–60%) | 20.8% (0%–43%) | 0% |
| Obesity | 37.8% (29.4%–58.7%) | 10.8% (8%–16.2%) | 0% |
| History of CAD | 31.7% (0%–91.3%) | 13.6% (0%–33%) | 0% |
| Atrial fibrillation | 8.6% (0%–73%) | 0.1% (0%–1%) | 0% |
| Echocardiographic characteristics | |||
| LV longitudinal systolic strain, % | −15.5 (−12 to −18.9) | −18.3 (−15.1 to −20.4) | −19.9 (−17.1 to −21.5) |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 61.9 (58–72) | 64 (56–71) | 63.4 (60–67.6) |
| LV mass index, g/m² | 105.7 (54–144) | 85.7 (49–115) | 78.8 (72.7–85) |
| LA volume index, mL/m² | 37.7 (24.8–55) | 26.9 (16–38) | 25.4 (18–44) |
| Mitral septal-lateral e’, cm/s | 5.9 (3.4–8) | 7.5 (4.8–12) | 11.1 (9–13.5) |
| Mitral septal-lateral E/e’ ratio | 14.9 (10.2–19.9) | 10 (6.8–12.6) | 7.3 (6.3–8.5) |
Data are expressed as mean and (range) (ie, the mean value of each variable from all studies as well as the range of the means from all studies). GLS (ie, average longitudinal peak systolic strain from ≥12 LV segments).
CAD, coronary artery disease; GLS, global longitudinal systolic strain; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction;e’, septal and lateral annular mitral early diastolic peak velocity using pulsed-TDI; E, mitral inflow early diastolic peak velocity using pulsed Doppler; LA, left atrial.