Cardiovascular risk factors in relation to mortality from CVD, IHD and cerebrovascular disease among adult participants in Norwegian health surveys. Adjusted for birth year and sex
| HR of mortality (95 % CI) | ||
| Cohort analysis | Within sibship analysis | |
| CVD | ||
| Systolic blood pressure | ||
| Low risk (<130 mm Hg) | 1 | 1 |
| Medium risk (130–159 mm Hg) | 1.65 (1.50 to 1.83) | 1.58 (1.40 to 1.78) |
| High risk (≥160 mm Hg) | 4.07 (3.54 to 4.68) | 3.49 (2.81 to 4.33) |
| Per one step | 1.91 (1.78 to 2.05) | 1.74 (1.58 to 1.91) |
| Total cholesterol | ||
| Low risk (<5.2 mmol/L) | 1 | 1 |
| Medium risk (5.2–6.1 mmol/L) | 1.36 (1.21 to 1.53) | 1.35 (1.17 to 1.57) |
| High risk (≥6.2 mmol/L) | 2.60 (2.33 to 2.90) | 2.21 (1.89 to 2.59) |
| Per one step | 1.67 (1.58 to 1.76) | 1.51 (1.39 to 1.63) |
| BMI | ||
| Normal range (BMI <25 kg/m2) | 1 | 1 |
| Overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) | 1.17 (1.07 to 1.28) | 0.98 (0.87 to 1.11) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 2.36 (2.11 to 2.65) | 2.07 (1.74 to 2.46) |
| Per one step | 1.44 (1.36 to 1.53) | 1.29 (1.19 to 1.40) |
| Height | ||
| Highest tertile (≥176 cm) | 1 | 1 |
| Mid tertile (167–175.9 cm) | 1.24 (1.13 to 1.37) | 1.15 (1.00 to 1.32) |
| Lowest tertile (<167 cm) | 1.62 (1.40 to 1.88) | 1.40 (1.14 to 1.74) |
| Per one step | 1.26 (1.18 to 1.35) | 1.18 (1.06 to 1.31) |
| Smoking (ref: no smoking) | 2.89 (2.66 to 3.14) | 2.63 (2.33 to 2.96) |
| IHD | ||
| Systolic blood pressure | ||
| Low risk (<130 mm Hg) | 1 | 1 |
| Medium risk (130–159 mm Hg) | 1.59 (1.41 to 1.78) | 1.41 (1.21 to 1.65) |
| High risk (≥160 mm Hg) | 3.92 (3.31 to 4.64) | 2.64 (2.02 to 3.47) |
| Per one step | 1.87 (1.72 to 2.05) | 1.54 (1.36 to 1.74) |
| Total cholesterol | ||
| Low risk (<5.2 mmol/L) | 1 | 1 |
| Medium risk (5.2–6.1 mmol/L) | 1.54 (1.31 to 1.80) | 1.37 (1.12 to 1.68) |
| High risk (≥6.2 mmol/L) | 3.47 (3.01 to 4.01) | 2.60 (2.11 to 3.20) |
| Per one step | 1.93 (1.82 to 2.09) | 1.66 (1.50 to 1.84) |
| BMI | ||
| Normal range (BMI <25 kg/m2) | 1 | 1 |
| Overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) | 1.24 (1.11 to 1.38) | 1.07 (0.92 to 1.25) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 2.71 (2.36 to 3.11) | 2.34 (1.86 to 2.95) |
| Per one step | 1.56 (1.45 to 1.67) | 1.39 (1.25 to 1.55) |
| Height | ||
| Highest tertile (≥176 cm) | 1 | 1 |
| Mid tertile (167–175.9 cm) | 1.27 (1.13 to 1.41) | 1.14 (0.95 to 1.36) |
| Lowest tertile (<167 cm) | 1.67 (1.38 to 2.02) | 1.30 (0.99 to 1.71) |
| Per one step | 1.28 (1.18 to 1.40) | 1.14 (1.00 to 1.30) |
| Smoking (ref: no smoking) | 3.34 (3.01 to 3.71) | 2.96 (2.52 to 3.48) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | ||
| Systolic blood pressure | ||
| Low risk (<130 mm Hg) | 1 | 1 |
| Medium risk (130–159 mm Hg) | 1.73 (1.42 to 2.10) | 1.64 (1.31 to 2.06) |
| High risk (≥160 mm Hg) | 4.86 (3.64 to 6.50) | 5.14 (3.23 to 8.16) |
| Per one step | 2.06 (1.78 to 2.38) | 1.94 (1.62 to 2.34) |
| Total cholesterol | ||
| Low risk (<5.2 mmol/L) | 1 | 1 |
| Medium risk (5.2–6.1 mmol/L) | 1.13 (0.91 to 1.40) | 1.20 (0.94 to 1.55) |
| High risk (≥6.2 mmol/L) | 1.36 (1.10 to 1.69) | 1.57 (1.19 to 2.07) |
| Per one step | 1.17 (1.05 to 1.30) | 1.25 (1.09 to 1.44) |
| BMI | ||
| Normal range (BMI <25 kg/m2) | 1 | 1 |
| Overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) | 1.01 (0.84 to 1.22) | 0.88 (0.69 to 1.11) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 1.16 (0.86 to 1.57) | 1.30 (0.88 to 1.93) |
| Per one step | 1.05 (0.92 to 1.20) | 1.03 (0.87 to 1.23) |
| Height | ||
| Highest tertile (≥176 cm) | 1 | 1 |
| Mid tertile (167–175.9 cm) | 1.28 (1.02 to 1.60) | 1.23 (0.91 to 1.65) |
| Lowest tertile (<167 cm) | 1.59 (1.17 to 2.15) | 1.73 (1.13 to 2.67) |
| Per one step | 1.26 (1.08 to 1.47) | 1.31 (1.06 to 1.63) |
| Smoking (ref: no smoking) | 2.54 (2.13 to 3.03) | 2.44 (1.94 to 3.07) |
BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IHD, ischaemic heart disease.