Table 5

Predictors of regular NSAID use by NSAID type, NHANES 1999–2004, multivariate logistic regression

	Aspirin n=1195		Non-aspirin n=1126		More than one n=456
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Age category
20–39	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
40–59	4.320 ^**,†	3.217 to 5.801	1.409 ^*,†	1.072 to 1.852	3.364 ^**,†	2.192 to 5.164
60+	12.591 ^**,†	9.163 to 17.301	1.547 ^*,†	1.143 to 2.094	6.309 ^**,†	3.868 to 10.289
Race
NH White	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
NH African American	0.424 ^**,†	0.335 to 0.537	0.656 ^**,†	0.529 to 0.812	0.269 ^**,†	0.211 to 0.344
Mexican American	0.314 ^**,†	0.226 to 0.438	0.461 ^**,†	0.372 to 0.572	0.400 ^**,†	0.244 to 0.655
Other	0.735	0.427 to 1.267	0.558 ^*,†	0.360 to 0.865	0.743	0.349 to 1.584
Other Hispanic	0.467 ^**,†	0.309 to 0.705	0.859	0.642 to 1.149	0.511^‡	0.261 to 1.003
Sex
Male	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Female	0.712 ^**,†	0.587 to 0.863	1.669 ^**,†	1.414 to 1.972	1.135	0.911 to 1.415
Education
<HS	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Completed HS	0.951	0.732 to 1.236	1.123	0.896 to 1.409	1.206	0.835 to 1.741
Some college or more	1.036	0.797 to 1.346	1.315 ^*,§	1.080 to 1.602	1.233	0.877 to 1.734
BMI
<25	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
25 to <30	1.066	0.861 to 1.320	1.082	0.878 to 1.334	1.350	0.878 to 2.075
>30 to <35	0.943	0.693 to 1.284	1.397 ^*,§	1.060 to 1.842	1.300	0.763 to 2.214
≥35	0.801	0.579 to 1.107	1.500 ^*,§	1.100 to 2.045	2.205 ^*,§	1.289 to 3.770
Poverty to income ratio
≤1.3	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
>1.3 to ≤ 3.5	1.532 ^**,§	1.194 to 1.965	1.034	0.847 to 1.263	1.117	0.759 to 1.645
>3.5	1.428 ^*,§	1.103 to 1.851	1.142	0.877 to 1.488	1.395	0.969 to 2.008
Alcohol use
0 drinks/day	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
1–2 drinks/day	1.155	0.940 to 1.420	1.123	0.890 to 1.418	1.284	0.917 to 1.797
≥3 drinks/day	0.785	0.571 to 1.080	1.043	0.800 to 1.361	1.026	0.652 to 1.615
Smoking status
Never	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Former	1.425 ^**,†	1.196 to 1.699	1.242	0.991 to 1.557	1.331	0.993 to 1.786
Current	1.021	0.782 to 1.333	1.065	0.843 to 1.346	1.078	0.716 to 1.624
Physical activity
Inactive	Ref,		Ref.		Ref.
Insufficiently active	1.053	0.834 to 1.328	1.058	0.862 to 1.299	0.927	0.690 to 1.245
Active	1.119	0.928 to 1.349	1.016	0.859 to 1.202	1.160	0.898 to 1.498
Cancer history
No	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Yes	0.833	0.653 to 1.063	1.350 ^*	1.030 to 1.768	0.587 ^*	0.382 to 0.902
Diabetes
No	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Yes	1.413 ^*	1.101 to 1.813	0.95	0.678 to 1.331	1.481	0.960 to 2.286
Chronic kidney disease
No	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Yes	0.970	0.776 to 1.214	1.019	0.756 to 1.374	1.302	0.858 to 1.976
Heart disease
No	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Yes	3.773 ^**	2.936 to 4.848	1.023	0.673 to 1.556	2.462 ^**	1.512 to 4.010
Current health status
Excellent	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Very good	1.207	0.900 to 1.619	1.933 ^**,†	1.418 to 2.635	3.671 ^**,†	2.201 to 6.125
Good	1.452 ^*,†	1.109 to 1.903	2.390 ^**,†	1.777 to 3.214	5.542 ^**,†	3.607 to 8.515
Fair	1.931 ^**,†	1.363 to 2.736	3.763 ^**,†	2.833 to 4.999	7.340 ^**,†	4.420 to 12.189
Poor	2.213 ^*,§	1.275 to 3.841	7.384 ^**,†	4.690 to 11.628	12.186 ^**,†	6.439 to 23.061
Waist circumference
≤88 cm (women), ≤102 cm (men)	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
>88 cm (women), >102 cm (men)	1.474 ^**,†	1.200 to 1.809	1.057	0.827 to 1.35	1.462 ^*,†	1.026 to 2.083

Boldface indicates statistical significance (*p<0.05, **p<0.001).†Association remains significant in participants without cancer history, diabetes, chronic kidney disease or heart disease.
‡Association is significant in participants without cancer history, diabetes, chronic kidney disease or heart disease, p<0.05.
§Association is no longer significant in participants without cancer history, diabetes, chronic kidney disease or heart disease.BMI, body mass index; cm, centimetre; HS, high school; NH, Non-Hispanic; NHANES, National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.