Table 4

Subclinical sleep apnoea and plasma levels of ET-1, stratified by selected baseline characteristics

n=1255	β (95% CI)	p Value	p Value for interaction
Age
<35 years (n=599)			0.26
Multivariable model*	0.17 (0.05 to 0.28)	0.004
≥35 years (n=656)
Multivariable model*	0.10 (0.01 to 0.18)	0.03
Sex
Men (n=590)			0.049
Multivariable model*	0.10 (0.03 to 0.17)	0.008
Women (n=665)
Multivariable model*	0.27 (0.12 to 0.43)	0.0005
BMI
≥25 kg/m² (n=507)			0.16
Multivariable model*	0.15 (0.06 to 0.24)	0.001
<25 kg/m² (n=748)
Multivariable model*	0.08 (−0.03 to 0.19)	0.17
Pre-diabetes
Yes (n=278)			0.28
Multivariable model*	0.11 (−0.01 to 0.23)	0.06
No (n=977)
Multivariable model*	0.14 (0.05 to 0.22)	0.001
Smoking status			0.09
Current Smoking* (n=276)	0.17 (0.03 to 0.31)	0.015
Past Smoking* (n=284)	0.02 (−0.13 to 0.16)	0.83
Never Smoking* (n=695)	0.18 (0.08 to 0.28)	0.0003
Hypertension
Yes (n=433)			0.22
Multivariable model*	0.10 (0.01 to 0.19)	0.03
No (n=822)
Multivariable model*	0.16 (0.06 to 0.27)	0.002

ET-1 was log-transformed. Hypertension was defined as mean ambulatory daytime blood pressure ≥135/85 mm Hg. Pre-diabetes was defined as HbA1c≥5.7%.
*Adjustment for age, sex, BMI, high-sensitivity C reactive protein, glomerular filtration rate, mean systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, HbA1c and smoking status as appropriate.
β, β coefficient; BMI, body mass index; ET-1, endothelin-1; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin.