Sudden death (n=184) | No sudden death (n=1983) | Adjusted* HR | 95% CI | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) Sudden death | |||||
High-risk ECG abnormality | |||||
Absent | 150 | 1816 | 1 | – | <0.001† |
Without T-wave changes | 13 | 114 | 1.40 | 0.78 to 2.52 | |
T-wave changes‡ | 21 | 53 | 2.60 | 1.58 to 4.29 | |
T-wave changes | |||||
Absent | 163 | 1930 | 1 | – | <0.001 |
Present | 21 | 53 | 2.52 | 1.52 to 4.18 | |
Q/QS pattern | |||||
Absent | 180 | 1959 | 1 | – | 0.84 |
Present | 4 | 24 | 1.11 | 0.39 to 3.16 | |
Arrhythmias | |||||
Absent | 174 | 1903 | 1 | – | 0.46 |
Present | 10 | 80 | 1.29 | 0.66 to 2.49 |
Non-sudden CHD death (n=78) | No non-sudden CHD death (n=2089) | Adjusted* HR | 95% CI | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(2) Non-sudden CHD death | |||||
High-risk ECG abnormality | |||||
Absent | 73 | 1893 | 1 | – | 0.21† |
Without T-wave changes | 3 | 124 | 0.62 | 0.19 to 2.04 | |
T-wave changes‡ | 2 | 72 | 0.47 | 0.11 to 1.99 | |
T-wave changes | |||||
Absent | 76 | 2017 | 1 | – | 0.30 |
Present | 2 | 72 | 0.46 | 0.11 to 1.97 | |
Q/QS pattern | |||||
Absent | 76 | 2063 | 1 | – | 0.28 |
Present | 2 | 26 | 2.31 | 0.51 to 10.53 | |
Arrhythmias | |||||
Absent | 77 | 2000 | 1 | – | 0.17 |
Present | 1 | 89 | 0.24 | 0.03 to 1.81 |
*Adjusted for age, peak flow rate, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, smoking status, previous angina, cholesterol, fibrinogen, factor VII, triglycerides, platelets, white cell count, red blood cell count, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, alcohol use, social class, factor V and factor VIII.
†Trend test.
‡Broken down by the presence of ST depression: T-wave alone: sudden deaths=13, non-sudden CHD deaths=1, non-CHD death/alive=40.
T-wave and ST depression: sudden deaths=8, non-sudden CHD deaths=1, non-CHD death/alive=11. For (1) sudden death: adjusted HR=2.31 (95% CI 1.27 to 4.19) (T-wave alone); 3.07 (95% CI 1.39 to 6.78 (T-wave and ST depression). For (2) non-sudden CHD death: adjusted HR=0.33 (95% CI 0.05 to 2.46) (T-wave alone); 0.89 (95% CI 0.11 to 7.07 (T-wave and ST depression).
CHD, coronary heart disease.