Table 1

Opposing effects of ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids on obesity

ω-6ω-3
Adipose cells (tissue)
White adipose tissues
Brown adipose tissues
Inflammation
Triglycerides
Muscle glycogen synthesis
Endogenous antioxidants (ie, superoxide dismutase catalase)
Oxidation
Endocannabinoid tone
Protein synthesis
Mitochondrial biogenesis
AMPK
Akt
Telomeres
NF-κB
PPARα
Leptin resistance
Insulin resistance
Adiponectin
Waist circumference
  • ↑increase, ↓decrease.

  • Akt, protein kinase B; AMPK, 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; NF-κB, nuclear factor κB; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α.