Estimates for the percentage change in risk (95% CI) per 10 µg/m3 increase in pollutant: single and two pollutant models*
| Pollutant† | All MI Percentage change (95% CI) | STEMI Percentage change (95% CI) | NSTEMI Percentage change (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single pollutant regression model | |||
| O3 | −0.06 (−0.29 to 0.17) | −0.16 (−0.57 to 0.25) | −0.05 (−0.37 to 0.28) |
| NO2 | 0.09 (−0.10 to 0.28) | −0.16 (−0.49 to 0.18) | 0.27 (0.01 to 0.54) |
| PM2.5 | −0.04 (−0.45 to 0.38) | −0.34 (−1.06 to 0.39) | −0.15 (−0.72 to 0.43) |
| PM10 | −0.20 (−0.53 to 0.13) | −0.37 (−0.95 to 0.21) | −0.34 (−0.80 to 0.12) |
| Two pollutant regression model | |||
| NO2 (adjusted for O3) | 0.07 (−0.13 to 0.27) | −0.23 (−0.57 to 0.12) | 0.28 (0.00 to 0.57) |
| NO2 (adjusted for PM2.5) | 0.14 (−0.08 to 0.37) | −0.07 (−0.46 to 0.32) | 0.43 (0.11 to 0.74) |
| PM2.5 (adjusted for O3) | −0.04 (−0.46 to 0.37) | −0.36 (−1.09 to 0.37) | −0.15 (−0.73 to 0.43) |
| PM2.5 (adjusted for NO2) | −0.17 (−0.65 to 0.32) | −0.20 (−1.06 to 0.66) | −0.59 (−1.26 to 0.10) |
| PM10 (adjusted for O3) | −0.20 (−0.53 to 0.13) | −0.38 (−0.96 to 0.21) | −0.34 (−0.80 to 0.12) |
*The conditional logistic regression model fits the pollutant(s) as unconstrained distributed lags 0–2 and adjusts for, the weekly RCGP influenza-like illness consultation rates per 100 000 England and Wales population, two natural cubic splines (df=5) for temperature (mean lag 0–1 and mean lag 2–6), public holidays and a sine/cosine annual cycle.
†Pollutant metrics: daily mean PM2.5, daily mean PM10, daily maximum 1-hour NO2, daily maximum 8-hour mean O3.
MI, myocardial infarction; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation MI; STEMI, ST-elevation MI.